{
  "abstract": "Protoplanetary discs evolve around newly-formed stars through an interplay of infall from surrounding turbulent cloud material, accretion towards the young star, and outflow driven mass-loss. It has been challenging to determine if discs are fed predominantly through infall along the disc midplane, or along the poles, and if accretion occurs in a steady or burst-like fashion. Here, we present a suite of 3D ideal magnetohydrodynamical simulations of protoplanetary disc formation and evolution in a dynamic, large-scale molecular cloud environment using the adaptive mesh refinement framework DISPATCH. We focus on nine stellar systems, where we resolve discs down to a scale of 0.8 au. Across the sample, stellar accretion proceeds at rates of $\\sim$10$^{-5}$ M$_\\odot$ yr$^{-1}$ over 10$^{5}$ yr, with significant variability. Discs grow to 100 au scales and remain gravitationally stable in time, with disc-to-star mass ratios below 10 %. Transient high-density streamers, with 10 kyr infall times, can drive anisotropic mass delivery at rates comparable to the background accretion flow. Their interaction with discs typically results in a temporary reduction of the disc size by half, and disc mass by 40 %. During later quiescent disc evolution stages ($t\\gtrsim$50 kyr), accretion predominantly occurs through the midplane and disc surface layers. This is associated with the development of a toroidal magnetic field morphology, which includes field reversals across both disc surfaces. In this way, the full disc mass reservoir is replenished on 10 kyr-timescales. These findings support that the outer parts of very young discs, when well-ionised and close to the ideal MHD regime, are not yet conducive to planet formation, due to high replenishment rates, strong turbulence, and disruptive streamer infall events.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": "Journal reference: A&A 714, A161 (2026)",
  "arxiv": "2608.02204",
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Christian Granzow Holm"
    },
    {
      "name": "Michiel Lambrechts"
    },
    {
      "name": "Michael Kuffmeier"
    },
    {
      "name": "Anders Johansen"
    },
    {
      "name": "Troels Haugbølle"
    },
    {
      "name": "Åke Nordlund"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1pqynzz4f54w1.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2608.02204",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "1pqynzz4f54w1",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.02204",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.EP"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2608.02204",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-08-03",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1pqynzz4f54w1.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:36:22Z",
      "native_id": "2608.02204",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.02204"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.EP",
      "subfield": "planetary"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Accretion across scales: streamers, surface-layer transport, and rapid replenishment in young protoplanetary discs",
  "title_text": "Accretion across scales: streamers, surface-layer transport, and rapid replenishment in young protoplanetary discs",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-01T12:20:44Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1pqynzz4f54w1",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": [
    {
      "doi": "10.1051/0004-6361/202659974",
      "pid": null,
      "relation": "published-as",
      "title": null,
      "venue": null
    }
  ]
}