{
  "abstract": "Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells and CAR-macrophages (or CAR-monocytes) offer complementary antitumor functions. CAR-T cells exert potent cytotoxicity against cancer cells, whereas CAR-macrophages can infiltrate solid tumors, phagocytose cancer cells and promote antigen spreading. Antibody-conjugated lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have emerged as non-viral mRNA delivery platforms for generating CAR-immune cells. However, these systems have generally been optimized to target a single immune-cell type. Here, to enable the ex vivo generation of CAR-T cells and CAR-monocytes, we developed CLCM08, an anti-CD222 antibody, and co-displayed it with an anti-CD5 antibody on LNPs. CD222 is predominantly expressed by monocytes, macrophages and T cells, and facilitates the internalization of CD222-binding molecules. CD5 is primarily expressed by T cells and has previously been used to enable LNP-mediated mRNA delivery to these cells. Delivery of CAR mRNA by dual CD222/CD5 antibody-conjugated LNPs to primary monocytes and T cells substantially enhanced the ex vivo generation of CAR-monocytes and CAR-T cells compared with non-conjugated LNPs. Moreover, CD19 CAR-T cells and CAR-monocytes generated using dual CD222/CD5 antibody-conjugated LNPs showed enhanced cytotoxic and phagocytic activity, respectively, relative to cells generated using non-conjugated LNPs, with anti-CD222 LNPs producing the largest phagocytic gain in monocytes. These findings establish an adaptable antibody-conjugated LNP-mRNA platform for the ex vivo generation of CAR-T cells and CAR-monocytes.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine"
  ],
  "article_type": "New results",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 11,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "J. Hong"
    },
    {
      "name": "J. Lim"
    },
    {
      "name": "M. Park"
    },
    {
      "name": "J. Song"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "B. J. Lee"
    },
    {
      "name": "M. Park"
    },
    {
      "name": "M.-K. Shin"
    },
    {
      "name": "H. Seo"
    },
    {
      "name": "H. J. Kang"
    },
    {
      "name": "B.-S. Kim"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "C.-H. Lee"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1qpe4dyd9tw6q.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.64898/2026.09.21.753074",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.21.753074v1.full",
  "id": "1qpe4dyd9tw6q",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.21.753074v1",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "biorxiv",
      "biochemistry"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2730|CAR-T cell therapy research"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7214291324",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.21.753074v1.full.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-21",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1qpe4dyd9tw6q.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:23:47Z",
      "native_id": "10.64898/2026.09.21.753074",
      "source": "biorxiv",
      "url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.21.753074v1"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2730|CAR-T cell therapy research",
      "subfield": "oncology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Dual-targeted nanoparticles enable the ex vivo generation of cytotoxic and phagocytic CAR effector cells",
  "title_text": "Dual-targeted nanoparticles enable the ex vivo generation of cytotoxic and phagocytic CAR effector cells",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:23:47Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1qpe4dyd9tw6q",
  "venue": "bioRxiv",
  "versions": []
}