{
  "abstract": "Organic photoelectrochemical transistors (OPECTs) combine the biocompatibility of organic electrochemical transistors with light-driven operation, offering a promising platform for biosensing. Yet, their full potential remains untapped due to overlooked operating parameters. In this work, we investigate the influence of four key factors-source-drain voltage, light power density, co-solvent electrochemical response, and analyte color-on the response of OPECTs. We show that operating at negative source-drain voltages (e.g., -0.5 V) enhances signal amplification, while low light power density (e.g., <5 mW cm-2 ) is enough to saturate the OPECT response. Using unconjugated bilirubin detection as a case study, we also reveal how co-solvents like DMSO and colored analytes (e.g., conjugated bilirubin and biliverdin) can interfere with the sensor response, leading to misleading results. By addressing these often-overlooked parameters, we provide practical guidelines to improve the accuracy, reproducibility, and detection limits of OPECT-based biosensors, paving the way for more reliable and portable diagnostic tools.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 9,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Wissal Errafi"
    },
    {
      "name": "Stella Schuster"
    },
    {
      "name": "Maryem Rahmani"
    },
    {
      "name": "Alessandra Pistillo"
    },
    {
      "name": "Paloma Carrascal Marquez"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nicolas Zimmermann"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nicolas Leclerc"
    },
    {
      "name": "Thomas Cottineau"
    },
    {
      "name": "Olivier Bardagot"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1r7qwkdgf9jm2.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1039/d6tc01397j",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "1r7qwkdgf9jm2",
  "issns": [
    "2050-7526",
    "2050-7534"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://hal.science/hal-05794712v1",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
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      "0.chim"
    ],
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      "openalex",
      "1502|Analytical Chemistry and Sensors"
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  "openalex": "W7204216151",
  "pdf_url": "https://hal.science/hal-05794712/document",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-08-25",
  "publisher": "Royal Society of Chemistry",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1r7qwkdgf9jm2.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:54Z",
      "native_id": "hal-05794712",
      "source": "hal",
      "url": "https://hal.science/hal-05794712v1"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "hal:1.sdv.ib",
      "subfield": "systems-synthetic"
    },
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "hal:1.chim.anal",
      "subfield": "analytical"
    },
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "hal:1.chim.mate",
      "subfield": "materials-polymers"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Key parameters for reliable biosensing using organic photoelectrochemical transistors: a case study on bilirubin detection",
  "title_text": "Key parameters for reliable biosensing using organic photoelectrochemical transistors: a case study on bilirubin detection",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:17:54Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1r7qwkdgf9jm2",
  "venue": "Journal of Materials Chemistry C",
  "versions": []
}