{
  "abstract": "Recently, the Five-hundred-meter-Aperture-Spherical-radio-Telescope (FAST) Galactic Plane Pulsar Snapshot (GPPS) survey discovers an extraordinary binary neutron star (BNS) system, PSR J0653+0443, possessing the highest known orbital eccentricity ($e\\approx0.992$) among Galactic BNSs (Yang et al., 2026), which provides a unique probe into the formation and evolution of BNSs. In this Letter, we perform compact binary population synthesis calculations with self-consistent neutron star spin evolution to model extremely eccentric BNS population detectable by the FAST GPPS survey, explicitly incorporating observational selection effects. We find that BNSs with $e>0.99$ constitute only $\\sim0.6\\%$ of the detectable population, with an expected detection number of $λ_{\\mathrm{GPPS}}\\approx0.31$ over the full planned footprint. Thus, although rare, systems as eccentric as PSR J0653+0443 are compatible with standard binary evolution. We further demonstrate that extremely eccentric BNSs arise preferentially from core-collapse supernovae, whereas imposing $P\\lesssim0.1$ s select older, more frequently recycled systems, which naturally reproduce the observed properties of PSR J0653+0443. We further predict that the completed GPPS sample has a $\\sim15\\%$ chance of finding another $e>0.99$ BNS, but a much higher $\\sim88\\%$ chance for $e>0.90$ systems. By contrast, future facilities are expected to enlarge the detectable highly eccentric BNS population, with SKA potentially detecting PSR J0653+0443-like systems and sub-mHz gravitational-wave detectors probing a larger population with $e>0.9$, enabling much more in-depth population-level constraints.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2610.31583",
  "author_total": 3,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Zhiwei Chen"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jihui Zhang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Youjun Lu"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1r8qmy3mcgfxh.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2610.31583",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "1r8qmy3mcgfxh",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.31583",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "LicenseRef-arXiv-nonexclusive-1.0",
  "licence_label": "arXiv licence",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.HE"
    ],
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.SR"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "3103|Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223363242",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.31583",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-22",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1r8qmy3mcgfxh.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:34:34Z",
      "native_id": "2610.31583",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.31583"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.HE",
      "subfield": "high-energy-astrophysics"
    },
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.SR",
      "subfield": "stellar"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Formation and Detectability of PSR J0653+0443-like Extremely Eccentric Binary Neutron Stars in the Milky Way",
  "title_text": "Formation and Detectability of PSR J0653+0443-like Extremely Eccentric Binary Neutron Stars in the Milky Way",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:34:34Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1r8qmy3mcgfxh",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}