{ "abstract": "Background/Objectives: Contemporary data on patients attending cardiology outpatient clinics in Spain are scarce. We aimed to characterise cardiovascular conditions, cardiometabolic burden, risk-factor control and treatment patterns. Methods: RIESCAR is a national, multicentre, observational study. This analysis included 2808 adults evaluated in 50 general cardiology outpatient clinics. Results: Hypertension was present in 60.3%, dyslipidaemia in 58.9%, type 2 diabetes mellitus in 24.7%, obesity in 32.4%, and central obesity in 48.7%. Established cardiovascular disease was documented in 59.7%, with coronary artery disease (30.0%), atrial fibrillation (18.2%) and heart failure (11.7%) being the most frequent conditions. Among hypertensive patients, 42.6% had blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg. In patients with established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), 37.2% achieved LDL-C < 55 mg/dL. Patients received a high number of cardiovascular drugs (mean 3.9). Among patients with a potential clinical indication for contemporary cardiometabolic therapies, SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists were used in 35.4% and 8.6%, respectively. Conclusions: Patients attending cardiology clinics in Spain have a high cardiometabolic burden, with important gaps in blood-pressure and LDL-C target attainment. Use of contemporary cardiometabolic therapies remains variable, highlighting opportunities to strengthen cardiovascular prevention in routine practice.", "abstract_shown": true, "affiliations": [ "Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Arnau de Vilanova, 46015 Valencia, Spain", "Facultad de Medicina, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, 46115 Valencia, Spain", "Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, 28922 Madrid, Spain", "Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain", "Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, IIS-IP, 28006 Madrid, Spain", "Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Comarcal de Móra d’Ebre, 43740 Tarragona, Spain", "Institut de Recerca Biomèdica Catalunya Sud (IRBCatSud), 43500 Tortosa, Spain", "Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital General Universitario Dr. Balmis, 03010 Alicante, Spain", "Servicio de Cardiología, Clínica Cardiológica Vera, 04638, Almería, Spain", "Servicio de Cardiología, Medicentro Leganés, 28912 Madrid, Spain", "HM CIEC Madrid (Centro Integral de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares), Hospital Universitario HM Montepríncipe, HM Hospitales, Facultad HM de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Camilo José Cela, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria HM Hospitales, 28660 Madrid, Spain", "Network Biomedical Research Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBER-CV), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain", "Servicio de Cardiología, Clínica de Cardiología Dr. Chopo Alcubilla, 50004 Zaragoza, Spain", "Grupo de Investigación Cardiovascular, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, 15006 Coruña, Spain", "Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Universidade da Coruña, 15006 Coruña, Spain", "Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga and Nanomedicine Platform (IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND), Andalusia Technology Park (PTA), Severo Ochoa 35, 29590 Málaga, Spain", "Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery-Heart Area, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, 29010 Málaga, Spain" ], "article_type": "research article", "arxiv": null, "author_total": 12, "authors": [ { "affs": [ 0, 1 ], "name": "Juan Cosín-Sales", "orcid": "0000-0002-4249-557X" }, { "affs": [ 2 ], "name": "Raquel Campuzano" }, { "affs": [ 3 ], "name": "Angel Cequier" }, { "affs": [ 4 ], "name": "Pablo Díez-Villanueva" }, { "affs": [ 5, 6 ], "name": "Albina Aldomà-Balasch" }, { "affs": [ 7 ], "name": "Vicente Ignacio Arrarte-Esteban", "orcid": "0000-0002-7371-910X" }, { "affs": [ 8 ], "name": "Eduardo Sebastián López-Sánchez" }, { "affs": [ 9 ], "name": "Casimiro Gómez-Pajuelo" }, { "affs": [ 10, 11 ], "name": "Leticia Fernández-Friera" }, { "affs": [ 12 ], "name": "José Miguel Chopo-Alcubilla" }, { "affs": [ 11, 13, 14 ], "name": "Javier Muñiz", "orcid": "0000-0002-3087-2067" }, { "affs": [ 11, 15, 16 ], "name": "Juan José Gómez-Doblas", "orcid": "0000-0002-9020-639X" } ], "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1s5p3qbrkvhbk.bib", "cited_by": 0, "doi": "10.3390/jcm15207916", "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13706144/?tool=EBI", "id": "1s5p3qbrkvhbk", "issns": [ "2077-0383" ], "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/15/20/7916", "language": "eng", "licence": "CC-BY-4.0", "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0", "licence_source": "article", "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "metadata_licence": null, "native_subjects": [ [ "openalex", "2712|Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins" ] ], "openalex": "W7221836034", "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13706144/pdf/?tool=EBI", "pmcid": "PMC13706144", "pmid": null, "published": "2026-10-01", "publisher": "MDPI AG", "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1s5p3qbrkvhbk.ris", "sources": [ { "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:00Z", "native_id": "10.3390/jcm15207916", "source": "crossref", "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/15/20/7916" }, { "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:21:25Z", "native_id": "PMC:PMC13706144", "source": "europepmc", "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13706144" } ], "subjects": [ { "field": "medicine", "origin": "openalex:2712|Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins", "subfield": "endocrinology-metabolism" } ], "title": "Clinical Characteristics, Cardiometabolic Risk Burden and Therapeutic Patterns in Patients Attending Cardiology Clinics in Spain: The RIESCAR Study", "title_text": "Clinical Characteristics, Cardiometabolic Risk Burden and Therapeutic Patterns in Patients Attending Cardiology Clinics in Spain: The RIESCAR Study", "type": "peer-reviewed", "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:21:25Z", "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1s5p3qbrkvhbk", "venue": "Journal of Clinical Medicine", "versions": [] }