{
  "abstract": "Introduction: The Intravenous (IV) puncture procedure can cause pain and fear in children. Objectives: This study aimed to identify the effect of using Augmented Reality (AR) for distraction along with combined cold-vibration therapy on children’s pain and Heart Rate (HR) during IV puncture. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted from May to July 2023 on 60 children aged 5-14 years admitted to a referral hospital in Central Java, Indonesia. They were selected through purposive sampling and were randomly allocated to the intervention and control groups (30 per group). Children in the intervention group received AR distraction (in the form of an animated cartoon) and combined cold-vibration therapy for 30 seconds before IV puncture. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) measured the pain intensity. The physiological response (HR) was measured using a digital stopwatch by counting the pulse for one full minute. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (independent and paired t-tests). Results: Most children were female (60% in the intervention group and 56.7% in the control group. Their mean age was 6.87±2.10 in the intervention group and 6.23±1.83 in the control group. The mean VAS score after the intervention was 3.7±1.639 in the intervention group and 6.27±1.660 in the control group, and this difference was statistically significant (p=0.001). Mean HR after intervention was 91.40±6.790 in the intervention group and 97.70±8.875 in the control group (p=0.001). Conclusions: AR use for distraction, along with combined cold-vibration therapy, can be used as an effective, inexpensive, and easy non-pharmacological method to reduce children's pain and HR during IV puncture.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Assistant Professor, Department of Nurse Anesthesia, Vocational School,Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia.",
    "Assistant Professor, Department of Nurse Anesthesia, Vocational School, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia."
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 3,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ika Subekti Wulandari"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Anis Laela Megasari"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Sri Mulyani"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1txtrn59xagyn.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": null,
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "1txtrn59xagyn",
  "issns": [
    "2588-3712",
    "2588-3720"
  ],
  "landing_url": null,
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "lcc",
      "RT1-120"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": "http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-2239-en.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-01",
  "publisher": "Guilan University of Medical Sciences",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1txtrn59xagyn.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T13:44:41Z",
      "native_id": "f3450232f922441c938f3146a4af70c2",
      "source": "doaj",
      "url": null
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "lcc:RT1-120",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Effects of Augmented Reality Use for Distraction, Along with Cold-Vibration Therapy on Children’s Pain and Heart Rate during Intravenous Puncture",
  "title_text": "Effects of Augmented Reality Use for Distraction, Along with Cold-Vibration Therapy on Children’s Pain and Heart Rate during Intravenous Puncture",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T13:44:41Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1txtrn59xagyn",
  "venue": "Journal of Holistic Nursing and Midwifery",
  "versions": []
}