{
  "abstract": "Background/Objectives: Physical activity is a key prognostic factor in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but changes in physical activity patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic remain insufficiently characterized. Methods: We conducted an observational longitudinal cohort study in patients with COPD managed in primary care in Lleida, Spain. Baseline assessment was performed between December 2018 and February 2019 (pre-COVID-19 pandemic), and follow-up assessment was conducted between March and June 2021 (post-COVID-19 pandemic). Physical activity was measured using triaxial accelerometry, and clinical, functional, and psychological variables were collected. Results: Of the 192 screened patients, 13 patients were included in the baseline pre-COVID-19 cohort, of whom 7 completed the longitudinal follow-up assessment in the post-COVID-19 period. Among the seven patients with longitudinal follow-up, at baseline, participants exhibited a predominantly sedentary profile, spending approximately 80% of their time in a sedentary mode and accumulating a mean of 6179 steps/day. In the post-COVID-19 period, sedentary time increased to 85.7% and mean steps/day decreased to 3038. Patients also showed a worse psychological profile, mainly driven by increased anxiety levels. Exploratory analyses suggested variable associations between physical activity and clinical, health-related quality of life, and psychological measures. Conclusions: In this small exploratory longitudinal cohort, lower physical activity and a less favorable psychological profile, particularly regarding anxiety, were observed at the post-COVID-19 assessment compared with the baseline. Given the small, paired sample and observational design, these findings should be considered exploratory and hypothesis-generating. Further studies with larger controlled longitudinal cohorts are warranted to confirm these observations.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Cappont Primary Care Centre, Lleida, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), 08007 Lleida, Spain.",
    "Fundació Institut Universitari per la Recerca a l'Atenció Primària Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 08007 Barcelona, Spain.",
    "Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lleida, 25003 Lleida, Spain.",
    "Almacelles Primary Care Centre, Lleida, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), 08007 Lleida, Spain.",
    "Balàfia-Pardinyes-Secà de Sant Pere Primary Care Centre, Lleida, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), 08007 Lleida, Spain.",
    "Research Support Unit Lleida, Fundació Institut Universitari per la Recerca a l'Atenció Primària Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 08007 Lleida, Spain.",
    "Complex System Research Group (SGR 975), Institut Nacional d'Educació Física de Catalunya (INEFC), University of Lleida, 25003 Lleida, Spain.",
    "Lleida Biochemical Research Institute (IRBLleida), 25003 Lleida, Spain.",
    "CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.",
    "Metabolic Physiopathology Research Group, Experimental Medicine Department, University of Lleida-Lleida Biochemical Research Institute (UdL-IRBLleida), 25198 Lleida, Spain."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 7,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Beatriz Enrich Alvarez"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Marta Ortega Bravo",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0765-6841"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4,
        5
      ],
      "name": "Eva Artigues Barberà",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-5756-696X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Leonardo Machado",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8894-430X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Assumpta Ensenyat"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2,
        7,
        8
      ],
      "name": "Pere Godoy Garcia",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2896-7286"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5,
        9
      ],
      "name": "Joaquim Sol",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1424-8958"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1v991s3a4wdw4.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/healthcare14193142",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13665032",
  "id": "1v991s3a4wdw4",
  "issns": [
    "2227-9032"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42881582",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2740|Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7213980481",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13665032?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13665032",
  "pmid": "42881582",
  "published": "2026-09-22",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1v991s3a4wdw4.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:16Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42881582",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42881582"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2740|Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Changes in Physical Activity and Psychological Status in Patients with COPD Between Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Assessments: A Pilot Observational Longitudinal Cohort Study.",
  "title_text": "Changes in Physical Activity and Psychological Status in Patients with COPD Between Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Assessments: A Pilot Observational Longitudinal Cohort Study.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:19:16Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1v991s3a4wdw4",
  "venue": "Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)",
  "versions": []
}