{
  "abstract": "Background: Lymphedema is a chronic condition for which accurate imaging evaluation of the lymphatic system can contribute to diagnosis, disease assessment, and treatment planning. Non-contrast magnetic resonance lymphangiography (NCMRL) is an imaging technique that enables morphological visualization of lymphatic abnormalities without contrast agent administration. This technical report aims to describe the NCMRL protocol routinely implemented at our institution, with particular emphasis on lower-extremity imaging. Methods: The institutional NCMRL workflow performed on a 3 Tesla (3T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system is described, including patient positioning, three-station anatomical coverage, pulse sequence selection, acquisition parameters, geometric alignment, and image post-processing using segmental and panoramic maximum intensity projection (MIP) reconstructions. Results: The report documents the acquisition and post-processing workflow and illustrates its imaging output through representative clinical images. No systematic assessment of diagnostic accuracy, quantitative image quality, or examination success rates was performed. Conclusions: This technical report provides a structured description of an existing institutional NCMRL workflow for lower-extremity imaging. The documented approach may serve as a reference for future protocol optimization and standardization, while its reproducibility and broader clinical applicability require further evaluation.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Hospital Sud, University of Rennes, 35203 Rennes, France",
    "School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece",
    "Center of Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Lymphedema—Lymphatic Diseases for Adults and Children, Metropolitan Hospital, 18547 Athens, Greece",
    "Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Nursing, University of West Attica, 12210 Athens, Greece",
    "VAS-European Independent Foundation in Angiology / Vascular Medicine, 20157 Milan, Italy",
    "Department of Medical Imaging, Metropolitan Hospital, 18547 Athens, Greece",
    "KSAM Medical Imaging Center Ltd., 2057 Nicosia, Cyprus",
    "Department of Radiology, Metropolitan Hospital, 18547 Piraeus, Greece",
    "First University Department of Respiratory Medicine, Thoracic Diseases General Hospital “Sotiria”, 11527 Athens, Greece",
    "Department of Vascular Diseases, Division of Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloška cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia",
    "Department of Internal Medicine, Central Hospital of Bolzano (SABES-ASDAA), 39100 Bolzano, Italy",
    "Department of Diabetic Foot Medicine, King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, UK",
    "1st Propaedeutic Department of Surgery, Hippokration General Hospital of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece",
    "4th Department of Surgery, Attikon University General Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 12,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Theodoros Chrelias"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2,
        3,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Evangelos Dimakakos"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5,
        6
      ],
      "name": "Konstantinos Samiotis"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Kalliopi Varaki"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Margarita Toumanidou"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "Kyriaki Cholidou"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4,
        9
      ],
      "name": "Urska Bregar"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4,
        10
      ],
      "name": "Peter Marschang",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8239-3447"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4,
        11
      ],
      "name": "Chris Manu",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-1703-7059"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        12
      ],
      "name": "Nikolaos Michalopoulos"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        13
      ],
      "name": "Nikolaos Arkadopoulos"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        13
      ],
      "name": "Nikolaos Papadopoulos",
      "orcid": "0009-0005-1732-2545"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1w4t6d67gdb1f.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/jcm15218589",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "1w4t6d67gdb1f",
  "issns": [
    "2077-0383"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/15/21/8589",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-11-04",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1w4t6d67gdb1f.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-05T00:21:10Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/jcm15218589",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/15/21/8589"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "journal-openalex:F27",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Non-Contrast Magnetic Resonance Lymphography: Technical Approach Toward Protocol Standardization",
  "title_text": "Non-Contrast Magnetic Resonance Lymphography: Technical Approach Toward Protocol Standardization",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-06T00:21:25Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1w4t6d67gdb1f",
  "venue": "Journal of Clinical Medicine",
  "versions": []
}