{
  "abstract": "Objective. Adolescent internalizing symptoms are traditionally attributed to negatively biased processing, leaving the developmental trajectory of positive-valence processing unclear. Using the hot–cool executive function framework, we examined whether hot (emotion-laden) and cool (cognitive control) systems diverge across development and differentially predict symptom severity. Method. A community sample of 1,042 Chinese students (elementary: n = 300, Mage = 10.3 years; middle: n = 434, Mage = 13.2; high: n = 308, Mage = 15.6; 606 boys) completed four computerized tasks assessing inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, attentional bias, and emotional-word processing. Symptoms were indexed by developmentally appropriate measures (Children’s Depression Inventory and Social Anxiety Scale for Children; Depression Anxiety Stress Scales–21). A clinical reference group comprised 43 hospitalized adolescents (Mage = 14.5 years). Results. Cool executive functions matured linearly across school levels (ps < .001), whereas hot attentional bias showed no developmental change (p = .579). In childhood, elevated symptoms were associated with broad-based deficits in speed and accuracy; by early adolescence this narrowed onto crisis-word stimuli (rs up to .219). Cognitive indices explained an additional 12.1% of variance beyond demographics (p < .001). Clinically referred youth showed a reversal of the positive-word advantage (+111 ms vs. −35 ms in community controls; p < .001, r = .162), indicating a breakdown in appetitive processing. Conclusions. Hot and cool cognition mature asynchronously, cool control improving while hot valence processing stagnates. Crisis-word hypervigilance and blunted positive?valence processing are partly dissociable risk indicators with distinct severity profiles, informing age-sensitive screening for youth internalizing problems.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 9,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Jiangli Wu"
    },
    {
      "name": "Xiaoxia Hu"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ruoyu Qiu"
    },
    {
      "name": "Guoling Zhou"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yuqing Jin"
    },
    {
      "name": "Fenfen Wang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ye Cheng"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jianfei Shi"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yudong Zhou"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1yamh63c9awtk.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/vzhwa_v1",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "1yamh63c9awtk",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/vzhwa_v1/",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "bepress",
      "Clinical Psychology"
    ],
    [
      "bepress",
      "Developmental Neuroscience"
    ],
    [
      "bepress",
      "Developmental Psychology"
    ],
    [
      "bepress",
      "Neuroscience"
    ],
    [
      "bepress",
      "Social and Behavioral Sciences"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "3203|Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7212451800",
  "pdf_url": "https://osf.io/vzhwa/download",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-13",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1yamh63c9awtk.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:25:13Z",
      "native_id": "vzhwa",
      "source": "osf",
      "url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/vzhwa_v1/"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "bepress:Neuroscience",
      "subfield": "neuroscience"
    },
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "bepress:Clinical Psychology",
      "subfield": "psychiatry"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Beyond Negative Bias: Disrupted Positive Valence Processing and Asynchronous Hot–Cool Development in Youth Internalizing Symptoms",
  "title_text": "Beyond Negative Bias: Disrupted Positive Valence Processing and Asynchronous Hot–Cool Development in Youth Internalizing Symptoms",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:25:13Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1yamh63c9awtk",
  "venue": "PsyArXiv",
  "versions": []
}