{
  "abstract": "Background: We conducted an explorative genome-wide association study (GWAS) in East Africa to identify host genetic variants associated with the acquisition and persistence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.\n\nMethods: We genotyped 385 Rwandan women living with HIV and selected host biomarker assay signals from genital swab samples using qPCR. We compared women who cleared HPV over a two-year interval (operationally defined as persistent infection), with those who did not. Exploratory gene-based aggregation analyses of rare and low-frequency variants represented on the genotyping array were also performed.\n\nResults: In the primary cluster-stratified Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel analysis, rs13158830 within PPARGC1B exceeded the conventional genome-wide significance threshold for persistent HPV infection. The nearby MIR378A gene-expression assay signal was higher in HPV-positive women but did not distinguish clearance from persistence.\n\nConclusions: We identified an exploratory host genetic association with persistent HPV infection and several additional candidate loci. The lead rs13158830 signal remained evident in Fisher exact testing and PC-adjusted Firth regression, but the small number of carriers produced substantial uncertainty. These findings require replication in independent cohorts.\n\nClinical trial registration: Not applicable.\n\nSupplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1186/s13027-026-00815-x.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine and Core Facilities, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden",
    "Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden",
    "Department of Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, School of Health Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda",
    "Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden",
    "Communicable and Non-communicable Diseases Research Directorate, Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, P.O. Box 1005, Ethiopia",
    "Department of Clinical Biology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda",
    "Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda",
    "Rwanda Food and Drugs Authority, Kigali, Rwanda",
    "Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda",
    "Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden",
    "Department of Medicine and Oncology, Southern Älvsborg Hospital, Borås, Sweden",
    "Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Blå Stråket 2, Gothenburg, SE-41345 Sweden"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 8,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Åsa Torinsson Naluai"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Schifra Uwamungu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Maria Andersson"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Bethelehem Nigussie Zewdie"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5,
        6
      ],
      "name": "Claude Mambo Muvunyi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7,
        8
      ],
      "name": "Emile Bienvenu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        9
      ],
      "name": "Bengt Hasséus"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        10,
        11
      ],
      "name": "Daniel Giglio",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-1349-9336"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1yh47mbt5t0mr.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1186/s13027-026-00815-x",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13700139/",
  "id": "1yh47mbt5t0mr",
  "issns": [
    "1750-9378"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s13027-026-00815-x",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Research"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2713|Cervical Cancer and HPV Research"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223671098",
  "pdf_url": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s13027-026-00815-x.pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13700139",
  "pmid": "42934691",
  "published": "2026-10-26",
  "publisher": "BMC",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1yh47mbt5t0mr.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:38Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13700139",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s13027-026-00815-x"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2713|Cervical Cancer and HPV Research",
      "subfield": "epidemiology-public-health"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Genome-wide association study of human papillomavirus infection and persistence in women living with HIV in Rwanda",
  "title_text": "Genome-wide association study of human papillomavirus infection and persistence in women living with HIV in Rwanda",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:36:36Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1yh47mbt5t0mr",
  "venue": "Infectious Agents and Cancer",
  "versions": []
}