{
  "abstract": "Purpose: The antimicrobial activity of curcumin is the focus of this article, which sought to enhance it by formulating curcumin in lipid nanocarriers, and by applying Sonodynamic Therapy (ST) and Photodynamic Therapy (PT).\n\nMethodology: Curcumin-loaded lipid nanocarriers were formulated and characterized for size, zeta potential, morphology, FTIR, and DSC. The performance of the formulation was evaluated using antioxidant activity assays, in vitro release assays, occlusion assays, and stability assays under various conditions. The distribution of curcumin in pig skin in vitro was assessed using permeability assays and visualized by confocal microscopy. The antimicrobial activity was assessed against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, applying PT or ST under different conditions. The cytotoxicity of the formulation was evaluated using HaCaT cells.\n\nResults and discussion: The curcumin-loaded lipid nanocarriers had a size of 63 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.202, a zeta potential of -41 mV, and an encapsulation efficiency > 95%. The properties of curcumin were enhanced by the lipid nanocarrier formulation, including stability, antioxidant activity, and skin-penetrating capacity. The antimicrobial activity of the formulation against the two strains was very low when combined with PT (< 12%), whereas ST achieved complete inhibition of P. aeruginosa. HaCaT viability was unaffected by the formulation or light.\n\nConclusions: The proposed formulation may be a promising alternative for improving curcumin properties, preserving its stability, and enhancing its antimicrobial activity, particularly when combined with ST.\n\nGraphical Abstract:\n\nSupplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-026-04138-9.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Laboratorio de Investigación y Posgrado en Tecnología Farmacéutica (L-322), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de México, Av. 1o de Mayo s/n, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México C.P. 54740 México",
    "Bacteriología diagnóstica, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. 1o de Mayo s/n, Cuautitlán Izcalli, C.P. 54740 Estado de México México",
    "Departamento de Ingeniería, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de México, Carr. Cuautitlán-Teoloyucan Km. 2.5, San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli, 54714 Estado de México Mexico",
    "Laboratorio de Hematobiología, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Guillermo Massieu Helguera, No. 239, Fracc. “La Escalera”, Ticomán, Gustavo a. Madero, C.P. 07320 Ciudad de México México",
    "Laboratorio de Postcosecha de Productos Vegetales, Centro de Asimilación Tecnológica, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Jiménez Cantús/n, San Juan Atlámica, Cuautitlán Izcalli, C.P. 54729 Estado de México Mexico",
    "Laboratorio 10, Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios Número 1, Colonia Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, C.P. 54090 Estado de México México"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 15,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Omar Molina-Alejandre"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Angélica Villanueva-Martínez"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "María Guadalupe Nava-Arzaluz"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Laura Abril Pérez-Carranza"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Andrea Becerril-Osnaya"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Gonzalo Hedain López-Mera"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Raúl Dalí Cruz-Morales"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Alma Alejandra Luna-Gómez"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Doris Cerecedo"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Ivette Martínez-Vieyra"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "María Andrea Trejo-Márquez"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Selene Pascual-Bustamante"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Yolanda I. Chirino"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Octavio Ispanixtlahuatl-Meraz"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Adriana Ganem-Rondero",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6516-5832"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1ym70mzhyfy7n.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1007/s11095-026-04138-9",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13736448/",
  "id": "1ym70mzhyfy7n",
  "issns": [
    "0724-8741",
    "1573-904X"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-026-04138-9",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Research Article"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "3003|Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery"
    ]
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  "openalex": "W7220836700",
  "pdf_url": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11095-026-04138-9.pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13736448",
  "pmid": "42844498",
  "published": "2026-10-07",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1ym70mzhyfy7n.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-09T12:21:53Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13736448",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-026-04138-9"
    }
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:3003|Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery",
      "subfield": "pharmacology-toxicology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Evaluating the Antimicrobial Activity of Curcumin-loaded Lipid Nanocarriers When Applying Photodynamic and Sonodynamic Therapy for the Treatment of Skin Infections",
  "title_text": "Evaluating the Antimicrobial Activity of Curcumin-loaded Lipid Nanocarriers When Applying Photodynamic and Sonodynamic Therapy for the Treatment of Skin Infections",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-09T12:21:53Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1ym70mzhyfy7n",
  "venue": "Pharmaceutical Research",
  "versions": []
}