{
  "abstract": "Galaxy morphology traces the physical processes that shape galaxy evolution, but non-parametric diagnostic boundaries depend on image quality and preprocessing. We investigate the classification of regular spirals, regular ellipticals, mergers, and jellyfish (ram-pressure-stripping candidate) galaxies in the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys. Using galmex measurements of ten non-parametric morphological indices, we evaluate two-dimensional diagnostic planes with a cross-validated Bayesian kernel-density classifier and combine all indices using probability-calibrated LightGBM models. For separating regular spirals, regular ellipticals, and perturbed systems, the most informative planes combine Shannon entropy with $M_{20}$ or asymmetry indices, reaching balanced accuracies of 0.76-0.77. We provide survey-specific probabilistic boundaries in the entropy-$M_{20}$ and entropy-shape-asymmetry planes. Separating mergers from jellyfish candidates is more challenging; the best two-dimensional combinations, all involving concentration, reach balanced accuracies of approximately 0.73. The calibrated three-class LightGBM model achieves a balanced accuracy and macro-F1 score of 0.89, while the four-class model achieves 0.75 and 0.76, respectively. We provide class probabilities and preferred classifications for 1,744,454 galaxies. Our results show that non-parametric morphology identifies broad structural disturbance reliably, but distinguishing its physical origin is harder: jellyfish candidates occupy a relatively coherent region of parameter space, whereas mergers span diverse and overlapping morphologies.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2610.32960",
  "author_total": 10,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "V. M. Sampaio"
    },
    {
      "name": "Y. Jaff'e"
    },
    {
      "name": "A. Moretti"
    },
    {
      "name": "C. Lima-Dias"
    },
    {
      "name": "H. M'endez-Hern'andez"
    },
    {
      "name": "S. V'eliz Astudillo"
    },
    {
      "name": "A. Monachesi"
    },
    {
      "name": "S. Torres-Flores"
    },
    {
      "name": "A. Krabbe"
    },
    {
      "name": "C. Dulcien"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/214xhszerfs3q.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2610.32960",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "214xhszerfs3q",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.32960",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.GA"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "3103|Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223701556",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.32960",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-23",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/214xhszerfs3q.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:35:15Z",
      "native_id": "2610.32960",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.32960"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.GA",
      "subfield": "galaxies"
    }
  ],
  "title": "A probabilistic approach to separate mergers and jellyfish galaxies: Application of morphological non-parametric indexes to the DESI Legacy Survey",
  "title_text": "A probabilistic approach to separate mergers and jellyfish galaxies: Application of morphological non-parametric indexes to the DESI Legacy Survey",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:35:15Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/214xhszerfs3q",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}