{
  "abstract": "Raman spectroscopy is increasingly applied in biomedical and diagnostic research, generating spectral datasets that could support the development of robust artificial intelligence (AI) models for disease diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment guidance. However, most clinical Raman datasets remain difficult to reuse across laboratories because spectra are often stored separately from structured metadata describing the samples, their clinical context, experimental conditions, and data governance. This limits reproducibility, external validation, multicentre integration, and the development of transferable models. Here, we introduce FAIRaman, a FAIR-by-design framework and open-source software tool for the structured organisation of clinical Raman spectroscopy data. FAIRaman combines the hierarchical logic of the Investigation–Study–Assay (ISA) model with biobanking-derived descriptors for sample, donor, and processing-event annotation, and with NeXus/NXraman-inspired metadata for Raman acquisition parameters and spectral data. The resulting structure implemented in the open HDF5 file format. The software, developed in Python, converts native Renishaw WDF files and vendor-neutral text-based spectral files into FAIRaman-compliant HDF5 files through a graphical user interface (GUI), allowing users to combine batch-level metadata with sample-specific clinical data. We demonstrate the framework using a real Raman map of breast cancer tissue, and a Raman spectrum acquired from plasma-derived extracellular vesicles. These examples show that spectral data, acquisition metadata, and clinical sample descriptors can be stored within a single structured file and that the stored information can be easily retrieved using independent, freely available software tools.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via Maugeri 4, Pavia, Italy, 27100",
    "Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via G.B. Grassi 74, Milan, Italy, 20157"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 9,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Davide Piccapietra"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Mahin Vazifehdan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Arianna Bonizzi",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5948-8747"
    },
    {
      "name": "Seyedeh Negin Sadat Madarshahi",
      "orcid": "0009-0005-1656-7452"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Francesca Piccotti",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6397-4898"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Marta Truffi",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-1095-4188"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Sara Albasini",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8764-3919"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Fabio Corsi",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6469-4086"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Carlo Francesco Morasso",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-9185-0198"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2210t64qexpvm.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.26434/chemrxiv.15005847/v2",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "2210t64qexpvm",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://chemrxiv.org/doi/full/10.26434/chemrxiv.15005847/v2",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1304|Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223168699",
  "pdf_url": "https://chemrxiv.org/doi/pdf/10.26434/chemrxiv.15005847/v2",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-22",
  "publisher": "American Chemical Society (ACS)",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2210t64qexpvm.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:24Z",
      "native_id": "10.26434/chemrxiv.15005847",
      "source": "chemrxiv",
      "url": "https://chemrxiv.org/doi/full/10.26434/chemrxiv.15005847/v2"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biochemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:1304|Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research",
      "subfield": "biophysics"
    }
  ],
  "title": "FAIRaman: making clinical Raman spectroscopy data FAIR through biobanking and NeXus standards",
  "title_text": "FAIRaman: making clinical Raman spectroscopy data FAIR through biobanking and NeXus standards",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:17:24Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2210t64qexpvm",
  "venue": "ChemRxiv",
  "versions": []
}