{
  "abstract": "Periods of anomalous ocean heat are becoming more intense and persistent, with consequences for biodiversity, food systems, and coastal resilience. Yet ocean impact assessments often emphasize summer, creating a seasonal bias that can underrepresent the year-round consequences of marine heat extremes. In 2023–2024, ocean surface warming exceeded 1.0°C above pre-industrial levels, coinciding with year-round marine heat extremes across much of the ocean. Here, we provide a rapid global assessment of marine impacts during this exceptional year. We show that summer impacts were frequent and severe, but 29% of non-tropical impacts occurred in cooler seasons. Events involving compound hazards occurred across seasons, though their timing varied by hazard type. Summer assessments alone are therefore insufficient to capture when, where, and how ocean heat threatens marine ecosystems. Rapid, year-round assessments are needed to understand how anomalous heat affects marine ecosystems and dependent societies, while informing preparedness plans for inevitable future extremes.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Marine Science Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia",
    "National Center for Wildlife (NCW), Riyadh 12411, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia",
    "Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland",
    "Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 26,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Shannon Grace Klein",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8190-3188"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Carlos Angulo‐Preckler",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-9028-274X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Cassandra Roch",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6712-2318"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Anieka Janice Parry",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4090-5782"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Elisa Laiolo",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6107-0454"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jacqueline Victoria Alva Garcia",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0472-2524"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jordi Solà",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7351-6513"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Sofia Frappi",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0184-5537"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Anastasiia Martynova"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Eleonora Re",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6362-7770"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Natalie E. Wildermann"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Kah Kheng Lim",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-9725-5269"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Alexandra Steckbauer",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8477-2256"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Taiba Alamoudi",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6339-3014"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Chuancheng Fu",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-5982-6809"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Lutfi Afiq‐Rosli",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-3987-4712"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Mai Aldhahri"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Amal A. Bajaffer",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2418-0099"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Héctor Barrios–Garrido",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7027-2656"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Joanna M. Ogiegło",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4490-6747"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Naira Pluma",
      "orcid": "0009-0007-0063-9719"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Wajitha J. Raja Mohamed Sait",
      "orcid": "0009-0000-5289-0023"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Diego Elihú Rivera Rosas",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2384-579X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Michelle-Nicole Havlik",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-5535-4189"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Thomas Lukas Frölicher",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-2348-7854"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Carlos Manuel Duarte",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-1213-1361"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/22rck7fbjjw8d.bib",
  "cited_by": 6,
  "doi": "10.1016/j.oneear.2026.101746",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "22rck7fbjjw8d",
  "issns": [
    "2590-3322",
    "2590-3330"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2026.101746",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2303|Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7165616217",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-06-23",
  "publisher": "Elsevier BV",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/22rck7fbjjw8d.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-06T13:20:43Z",
      "native_id": "W7165616217",
      "source": "openalex",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2026.101746"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "openalex:2303|Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies",
      "subfield": "ecology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Year-round marine heat extremes severely impact marine life during the first year at 1.5°C warming",
  "title_text": "Year-round marine heat extremes severely impact marine life during the first year at 1.5°C warming",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-10T13:21:19Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/22rck7fbjjw8d",
  "venue": "One Earth",
  "versions": []
}