{
  "abstract": "Background: Gastric cancer (GC) remains a major cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ) is a major etiological factor in gastric carcinogenesis and has been associated with alterations in the tumor immune microenvironment. However, how H. pylori -related transcriptional features intersect with the broader molecular and immune heterogeneity of established gastric cancer remains incompletely characterized.\n\nMethods: Single-cell RNA-sequencing data (GSE234129) were used for exploratory comparison according to H. pylori status and to define an initial candidate gene set. An eight-gene prognostic signature was subsequently developed in TCGA-STAD and evaluated in independent gastric cancer cohorts. Model-development optimism was assessed using 1, 000 full-pipeline bootstrap resamples. Immune features were evaluated using CIBERSORT, ESTIMATE, TIDE, and immunophenoscore, while observed anti-PD-1 response was explored in the disease-matched PRJEB25780 cohort. RGS1 was further assessed in an independent immunohistochemical cohort.\n\nResults: Exploratory single-cell analyses suggested differences in immune-cell composition, T-cell states, and antigen-presentation-related pathways according to H. pylori status. The eight-gene prognostic signature stratified overall survival in the TCGA-STAD cohort and two independent GEO cohorts. After full-pipeline bootstrap correction, model discrimination was modest (corrected C-index = 0.575). In TCGA-STAD, addition of the eight-gene score to a clinicopathological model improved prognostic discrimination. High-risk tumors were characterized by distinct stromal, genomic, and immune features, including higher stromal activity, lower tumor mutational burden, and differences in computational immune-response-related profiles. At the tissue level, RGS1 expression was associated with survival and selected immune-cell features. In the IHC cohort, high RGS1 expression remained independently associated with poorer overall survival (OS) after multivariable adjustment (HR = 2.36, 95% CI 1.36-4.10, p = 0.002) and was accompanied by lower CD8-positive and higher CD163-positive and FOXP3-positive cell densities. In the independent H. pylori -annotated GSE62254 cohort, the five non-ribosomal components showed nominal gene-set-level enrichment in H. pylori -positive tumors (CAMERA P = 0.044).\n\nConclusions: This study developed an eight-gene survival-associated prognostic signature and characterized its immune associations in gastric cancer. H. pylori -related findings were exploratory and did not establish H. pylori specificity of the final model. Further prospective validation is required given the modest optimism-corrected performance.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University",
    "Department of Gastroenterology, Baoding No. 1 Central Hospital",
    "Department of Pathology, Baoding No. 1 Central Hospital"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Dong Wen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Lili Mi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yan Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Yaming Ji"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Baoling Yang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Fei Yin"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/242b9s7kahk2s.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2026.1930319",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13735604/",
  "id": "242b9s7kahk2s",
  "issns": [
    "2234-943X"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1930319/full",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Research"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2740|Gastric Cancer Management and Outcomes"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223169737",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1930319/pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13735604",
  "pmid": "42991321",
  "published": "2026-10-22",
  "publisher": "Frontiers Media SA",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/242b9s7kahk2s.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:13Z",
      "native_id": "10.3389/fonc.2026.1930319",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1930319/full"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-09T12:21:15Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13735604",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2026.1930319"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "issn:2234-943X",
      "subfield": "oncology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "An eight-gene prognostic signature and its immune associations in gastric cancer: integrated transcriptomic and clinical analyses",
  "title_text": "An eight-gene prognostic signature and its immune associations in gastric cancer: integrated transcriptomic and clinical analyses",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-09T12:21:15Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/242b9s7kahk2s",
  "venue": "Frontiers in Oncology",
  "versions": []
}