{
  "abstract": "Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) continue to be a major clinical complication of indwelling catheterization, sustained by persistent bacterial colonization and dysregulated local immune responses. Most antimicrobial coatings provide passive protection and have limited capacity to address both bacterial persistence and the host response at the catheter–tissue interface. This study presents a stretchable urological catheter for electrical stimulation (SUCES) based on a liquid metal composite. SUCES consists of a stable gallium-10 vol% silver (Ga-Ag) circuit encapsulated within a silver-doped (5 vol%) polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS-Ag) layer. SUCES delivers low-voltage electrical stimulation (1.5 V for 5 min) in combination with sustained Ag release, resulting in effective combined antibacterial activity. In vitro testing demonstrates bacterial killing efficiencies of approximately 95% for E. coli and 94% for S. aureus . The same electrical input also promoted an M1-associated macrophage response. In a rabbit CAUTI model, seven days of treatment reduced the viable urinary bacterial burden by 93% (>1-log reduction). SUCES-treated tissues also showed less infection-associated inflammation and better-preserved urothelial barrier integrity. These findings support SUCES as an active bioelectric catheter interface that integrates antibacterial treatment with macrophage-associated immune modulation for catheter-associated infection management.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "School of Flexible Electronics (SoFE) and State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies (OEMT), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China; Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China",
    "Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China",
    "School of Flexible Electronics (SoFE) and State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies (OEMT), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China; School of Physics, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China",
    "School of Physics, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China; Corresponding author.",
    "Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Corresponding author.",
    "School of Flexible Electronics (SoFE) and State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies (OEMT), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China; Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Suzhou Research Institute, Shandong University, Suzhou, China; Corresponding author."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 11,
  "authors": [
    {
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        0
      ],
      "name": "Jianyou Zhao"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Jizheng Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Longfei Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Xinyu Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yuchao Sun"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Dongyue Guo"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Jianzhe Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Zhenming Chu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Yan Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Guoqiang Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Benkang Shi"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/24fk48d5sj4tk.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.103764",
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  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.103764",
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  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13717114/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13717114",
  "pmid": "42959349",
  "published": "2026-10-20",
  "publisher": "Elsevier",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/24fk48d5sj4tk.ris",
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2713|Urinary Tract Infections Management",
      "subfield": "epidemiology-public-health"
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  ],
  "title": "A stretchable liquid-metal bioelectric catheter for active management of catheter-associated urinary tract infections",
  "title_text": "A stretchable liquid-metal bioelectric catheter for active management of catheter-associated urinary tract infections",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-02T12:21:29Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/24fk48d5sj4tk",
  "venue": "Materials Today Bio",
  "versions": []
}