{
  "abstract": "Prior Sihler-based and landmark-referenced studies have described intramuscular innervation of the human masseter. However, bilateral series-based descriptions focused on within-field arborisation morphology and the distribution of terminal branching within a standardised field of view remain limited. We analysed 60 masseter muscles from 30 adult body donors using a modified Sihler whole-mount staining protocol. A standardised circular field of view was evaluated to (1) classify within-field branching morphology and (2) localise the region of highest terminal arborisation density (HTAD) within the field. Two recurring within-field branching patterns were classified according to predefined morphological criteria: Type I, characterised by a compact branching configuration, and Type II, characterised by a broader fan-like/tree-like branching configuration within the photographed field. Type I predominated (n = 24/30; 80%), whereas Type II was less frequent (n = 6/30; 20%). The within-field pattern was bilaterally concordant in all individuals. The HTAD region was described using an operational sector-based definition within the photographed field-of-view and may provide a descriptive reference for understanding visible terminal arborisation morphology. These findings support hypothesis generation and highlight the need for future landmark-referenced whole-muscle studies to relate within-field branching patterns to motor entry points, functional correlates and clinically validated applications.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Clinical Anatomy, Mazovian University in Plock",
    "Variantis Research Laboratory, Mazovian University in Plock",
    "Department of Radiology, Medical University of Lodz"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Łukasz Olewnik"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ingrid C. Landfald"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Lyubomir Gaydarski"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yuriy Vasil’ev"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Michał Podgórski"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/25p4ss337sqcv.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-54429-9",
  "fulltext_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-54429-9",
  "id": "25p4ss337sqcv",
  "issns": [
    "2045-2322"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-54429-9",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "lcc",
      "Q"
    ],
    [
      "lcc",
      "R"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2702|Medical and Biological Sciences"
    ]
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  "openalex": "W7166320855",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-54429-9_reference.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-06-01",
  "publisher": "Nature Portfolio",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/25p4ss337sqcv.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T13:45:48Z",
      "native_id": "bfdc4fddbbf54d01981ae9ddeda34c38",
      "source": "doaj",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-54429-9"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2702|Medical and Biological Sciences",
      "subfield": "physiology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Intramuscular innervation of the human masseter muscle: whole-mount Sihler analysis and a field-of-view–based descriptive framework",
  "title_text": "Intramuscular innervation of the human masseter muscle: whole-mount Sihler analysis and a field-of-view–based descriptive framework",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T13:45:48Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/25p4ss337sqcv",
  "venue": "Scientific Reports",
  "versions": []
}