{
  "abstract": "Background: Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) has emerged as a promising non-invasive strategy to protect the brain, with evidence suggesting its benefit in patients with carotid artery stenting (CAS). However, the long-term benefit and safety of chronic RIC in this population remain unknown.\n\nObjective: To evaluate whether chronic RIC reduces the incidence of major vascular events in high-risk patients with carotid artery stenosis who received CAS.\n\nMethods: RICSICAS is a prospective, randomized, open-label, blinded endpoint evaluation (PROBE), single-center trial. We plan to enroll 450 high-risk patients with symptomatic carotid artery stenosis (Essen score ≥ 3) scheduled for CAS. Participants will be randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either standard medical therapy plus RIC or standard medical therapy alone. The RIC protocol involves bilateral upper-arm cuff inflation to 200 mmHg (5-min inflation/5-min deflation, 5 cycles) performed 1–2 times daily, starting 3 days before CAS and continuing for 12 months post-procedure, thus constituting a combined peri-procedural and chronic RIC strategy. The primary efficacy endpoint is the composite of stroke, myocardial infarction, TIA, and vascular death within 12 months. Safety endpoints include any RIC-related adverse event (e.g., limb pain, petechiae, peripheral nerve injury), and any serious adverse event.\n\nSample Size: Assuming a 12-month event rate of 20% in the control group and a 40% relative risk reduction with RIC, with 80% power and a two-sided α of 0.05, 355 patients are required. Accounting for a 20% dropout rate/loss-to-follow-up, as well as the consumption of the interim analysis, the total sample size is set as 450.\n\nDiscussion: This trial will provide high-level evidence on the role of long-term RIC as an adjunctive therapy for high-risk patients with symptomatic carotid artery stenosis undergoing CAS.\n\nClinical Trial Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov , identifier: NCT07412249.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command , ,"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jing Qiu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Wei Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yong-Gang Zhao"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jia-Qi Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Lu Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Hui-Sheng Chen"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/27n4q2njd59tc.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3389/fneur.2026.1915534",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13661333/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "27n4q2njd59tc",
  "issns": [
    "1664-2295"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13661333",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2740|Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7214954865",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13661333/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13661333",
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-30",
  "publisher": "Frontiers Media SA",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/27n4q2njd59tc.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:20Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13661333",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13661333"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:16Z",
      "native_id": "10.3389/fneur.2026.1915534",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2026.1915534/full"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "issn:1664-2295",
      "subfield": "neurology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Remote ischemic conditioning plus stenting for symptomatic carotid artery stenosis (RICSICAS): rationale and design",
  "title_text": "Remote ischemic conditioning plus stenting for symptomatic carotid artery stenosis (RICSICAS): rationale and design",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:20:16Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/27n4q2njd59tc",
  "venue": "Frontiers in neurology",
  "versions": []
}