{
  "abstract": "Hangeshashinto (HST) is a standardized seven-herb Kampo pharmaceutical used to manage gastrointestinal symptoms and chemotherapy-associated mucosal toxicity, but its direct antitumor activity remains insufficiently characterized. We examined the effects of HST in DLD-1 and SW480 colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and in non-malignant fibroblast and colonic epithelial cell models. Cell viability, colony formation, apoptosis-related endpoints, gene expression, responses to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and the activity of representative constituents were evaluated. Oral antitumor efficacy and tolerability were assessed in female BALB/c-nu mice bearing DLD-1 xenografts. HST preferentially reduced CRC cell viability and colony formation and increased annexin V positivity, caspase-3 activity, cleaved caspase-3 staining, and apoptotic nuclear changes. z-VAD-FMK showed a nonsignificant tendency toward partial recovery of cell viability. Reverse transcription–quantitative polymerase chain reaction findings were exploratory; statistical significance was not assessed. Co-treatment with HST (0.3 mg/mL) and 5-FU significantly reduced cell viability compared with 5-FU alone in both DLD-1 and SW480 cells; pharmacological synergy was not evaluated. Oral HST inhibited xenograft growth; tolerability assessment was limited to body weight and serum biochemistry, with reduced serum uric acid in the high-dose group after washout. These findings provide a preclinical basis for further investigation of standardized HST in CRC.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Personalized Kampo Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan",
    "Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan",
    "Department of Nutrition Sciences, Graduate School of Health and Sports Sciences, Toyo University, Tokyo 115-8650, Japan",
    "Institution of Life Innovation Studies, Toyo University, Tokyo 115-8650, Japan",
    "Shizuoka Medical Research Center for Disaster, Juntendo University Shizuoka Hospital, Shizuoka 410-2295, Japan"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 9,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yunhai Lin",
      "orcid": "0009-0002-6806-3553"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jingya Lu",
      "orcid": "0009-0002-7455-2863"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ailing Hu",
      "orcid": "0009-0008-8504-5051"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Takuji Yamaguchi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yasushi Ikarashi",
      "orcid": "0009-0008-5768-2133"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yoshinao Harada",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-7760-138X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Kaho Ohki"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Takumi Iwasawa",
      "orcid": "0009-0008-9278-6464"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Hiroyuki Kobayashi",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-7441-5610"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/27xaa32th4gxa.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/ijms27209310",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13705497",
  "id": "27xaa32th4gxa",
  "issns": [
    "1422-0067"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/27/20/9310",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1110|Medicinal Plant Research"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223058645",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13705497?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13705497",
  "pmid": "42942080",
  "published": "2026-10-20",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/27xaa32th4gxa.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:57Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/ijms27209310",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/27/20/9310"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:22:12Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42942080",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42942080"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "openalex:1110|Medicinal Plant Research",
      "subfield": "plant-biology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Hangeshashinto Induces Apoptosis and Suppresses Colorectal Cancer Growth In Vitro and In Vivo",
  "title_text": "Hangeshashinto Induces Apoptosis and Suppresses Colorectal Cancer Growth In Vitro and In Vivo",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:22:12Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/27xaa32th4gxa",
  "venue": "International Journal of Molecular Sciences",
  "versions": []
}