{
  "abstract": "The occurrence of tolfenamic acid (TA) in aquatic environments has raised concerns regarding its potential environmental impacts, highlighting the need for rapid, sensitive, and low-cost analytical methods for its determination. In this work, a conductive CB/PLA filament was fabricated through a solvent-free thermal mixing approach and used to produce a 3D-printed electrochemical sensor for TA determination. This strategy provides a greener and scalable route for electrode fabrication. Atmospheric air plasma treatment was applied to improve the electrochemical performance of the CB/PLA electrode. SEM images revealed the partial removal of the insulating PLA matrix, increasing the exposure of the conductive carbon sites. This modification resulted in lower charge-transfer resistance (Rct from 33.4 to 7.6 kΩ). Under optimized differential pulse voltammetry conditions, the plasma-treated electrode (CB/PLA-PT) exhibited a linear response toward TA in the concentration range of 1.91–20.1 μmol L–1, with detection and quantification limits of 0.54 and 1.80 μmol L–1, respectively. The sensor demonstrated satisfactory precision (RSD ≤ 5.7%) and selectivity in the presence of common interfering species. Its applicability was successfully demonstrated in spiked river and tap water samples, yielding recovery values between 92 and 105%. The proposed approach combines 3D printing and reagent-free plasma activation to provide a simple and environmentally friendly platform for the electrochemical determination of TA in environmental waters.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Federal University of Juiz de Fora , , , ,",
    "Federal University of Rio de Janeiro , , , ,",
    "Fluminense Federal University , , , ,",
    "University of São Paulo , , , ,",
    "University of Campinas , , , ,",
    "Federal University of Uberlândia , , , ,"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 12,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Cassiano Cunha de Souza",
      "orcid": "0009-0007-3891-224X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Francisco Walison Lima Silva"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Anne Alves Macedo",
      "orcid": "0009-0000-7072-5208"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Dayenny Louise D̀Amato",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4885-7009"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Célia Machado Ronconi",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-9736-9661"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Wallace Burger Veríssimo de Oliveira",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1185-2746"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Raquel G. Rocha"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Lucas V. de Faria"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Fernando Henrique Cincotto"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Rodrigo Alejandro Abarza Muñoz",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8230-5825"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Maria Auxiliadora Costa Matos"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Renato Camargo Matos",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6123-7472"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2ay48rqvy1nnn.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1021/acsomega.6c08647",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "2ay48rqvy1nnn",
  "issns": [
    "2470-1343"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://pubs.acs.org/acsodf/article/doi/10.1021/acsomega.6c08647/5460615/Plasma-Activated-3D-Printed-Electrode-for-the",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": "https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acsomega.6c08647",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-29",
  "publisher": "American Chemical Society (ACS)",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2ay48rqvy1nnn.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:40Z",
      "native_id": "10.1021/acsomega.6c08647",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://pubs.acs.org/acsodf/article/doi/10.1021/acsomega.6c08647/5460615/Plasma-Activated-3D-Printed-Electrode-for-the"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "issn:2470-1343",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Plasma-Activated 3D-Printed Electrode for the Determination of Tolfenamic Acid in Environmental Samples",
  "title_text": "Plasma-Activated 3D-Printed Electrode for the Determination of Tolfenamic Acid in Environmental Samples",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-31T00:20:49Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2ay48rqvy1nnn",
  "venue": "ACS Omega",
  "versions": []
}