{
  "abstract": "Snow is a warm, porous material whose densification under its own weight is highly temperature-dependent. Despite decades of research, reported activation energies for snow viscoplasticity remain highly scattered, ranging from 40–600 kJ mol ⁻¹ . We quantified the temperature dependence of snow viscoplasticity using in-tomograph creep experiments with a newly developed thermo-mechanical cell. This design allows accurate load and temperature control, micrometric displacement measurement, and microstructural evolution monitoring via X-ray tomography. To disentangle microstructural evolution and temperature effects on the compression rate, we used a state-of-the-art viscoplastic model. We conducted five experiments on centimetre-scale samples of decomposing and fragmented precipitation particles with initial densities ranging from 278–320 kg m ⁻³ under an applied stress of 1.25 kPa. Each experiment comprised five temperature steps from −6 to −18 °C, each lasting one day, and resulted in a mean final vertical strain of 4 %. We show that the viscoplastic response is consistent with a two-regime Arrhenius law, with apparent activation energies Qh=126±6kJmol-1 for temperatures above -13±1°C and Ql=51±18kJmol-1 below. This temperature sensitivity matches that reported for polycrystalline ice but is greater than that used in detailed snowpack models.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques (Toulouse, France)",
    "Météo-France (Toulouse, France)",
    "Université de Toulouse (Toulouse, France)",
    "Université Grenoble Alpes (Saint-Martin-d'Hères, France)"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Louis Védrine",
      "orcid": "0009-0002-3706-9741"
    },
    {
      "name": "Marius Brun"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mathis Bozon"
    },
    {
      "name": "Benoit Laurent"
    },
    {
      "name": "Pascal Hagenmuller",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6581-2048"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2edn4w2nt3mcr.bib",
  "cited_by": 1,
  "doi": "10.5194/tc-20-5813-2026",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "2edn4w2nt3mcr",
  "issns": [
    "1994-0424"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/20/5813/2026/",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1902|Cryospheric studies and observations"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7162425888",
  "pdf_url": "https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/20/5813/2026/tc-20-5813-2026.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-12",
  "publisher": "Copernicus GmbH",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2edn4w2nt3mcr.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:37Z",
      "native_id": "10.5194/tc-20-5813-2026",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/20/5813/2026/"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "earth",
      "origin": "openalex:1902|Cryospheric studies and observations",
      "subfield": "atmospheric"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Temperature sensitivity of snow viscoplasticity: Evidence from controlled creep experiments",
  "title_text": "Temperature sensitivity of snow viscoplasticity: Evidence from controlled creep experiments",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:20:37Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2edn4w2nt3mcr",
  "venue": "The Cryosphere",
  "versions": [
    {
      "doi": "10.5194/egusphere-2026-2612",
      "pid": null,
      "relation": "preprint",
      "title": null,
      "venue": null
    }
  ]
}