{
  "abstract": "Background: Pulmonary mucormycosis (PM) is a life-threatening fungal infection typically reported in neutropenic patients with hematologic malignancies (HM), but its features in non-hematologic malignancy (NHM) patients remain unclear. This study aimed to characterize the clinical presentation, treatment, and outcomes of PM in NHM patients.\n\nMethods: This retrospective study (March 1, 2017-July 31, 2024) at Beijing Chaoyang Hospital included 46 NHM-PM patients, predominantly diabetes mellitus (DM) and solid organ transplantation (SOT). The primary outcome was 90-day all-cause mortality. Survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression, with adjustment for age, sex, and diabetes mellitus. The proportional hazards assumption was verified (GLOBAL p = 0.515).\n\nResults: Among 46 PM patients with NHM, DM was present in 71.7%. The 90-day mortality rate was 37.0% (17/46). Non-survivors had higher rates of respiratory failure, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and septic shock, along with lower hemoglobin and higher D-dimer and procalcitonin (all P < 0.05). Univariable Cox regression identified solid organ transplantation (HR = 6.97), the use of immunosuppressants (HR = 5.58), elevated D-dimers, and elevated procalcitonin as significant mortality predictors (all P < 0.01), whereas longer hospital stay and longer time to treatment initiation were protective (both P < 0.05). Multivariable Cox regression confirmed the use of immunosuppressants as an independent risk factor (adjusted HR = 7.51, 95% CI: 2.72–20.74, P < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier curves showed significantly worse survival for the use of immunosuppressants and SOT recipients (log-rank P < 0.001 for both).\n\nConclusions: The use of immunosuppressants and SOT are both important factors associated with 90-day mortality in NHM-PM patients. These findings highlight the poor prognosis associated with immunosuppression and support early, aggressive intervention in this high-risk population. Validation in larger cohorts is warranted.\n\nSupplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-026-04474-x.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Beijing, Chaoyang District, 100020 China",
    "Beijing Key Laboratory of Multimodal Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment System for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Renwen Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yongzhe Liu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Ran Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Li Gu"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2efpx97dxyxjb.bib",
  "cited_by": 1,
  "doi": "10.1186/s12890-026-04474-x",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13711965/",
  "id": "2efpx97dxyxjb",
  "issns": [
    "1471-2466"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-026-04474-x",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Research"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2725|Antifungal resistance and susceptibility"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7167622819",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": "PMC13711965",
  "pmid": "42414943",
  "published": "2026-07-08",
  "publisher": "BMC",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2efpx97dxyxjb.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T12:22:39Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13711965",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-026-04474-x"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2725|Antifungal resistance and susceptibility",
      "subfield": "infectious-disease"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Clinical characteristics and risk factors for mortality in pulmonary mucormycosis among patients with non-hematologic malignancies",
  "title_text": "Clinical characteristics and risk factors for mortality in pulmonary mucormycosis among patients with non-hematologic malignancies",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-31T12:22:39Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2efpx97dxyxjb",
  "venue": "BMC Pulmonary Medicine",
  "versions": []
}