{
  "abstract": "Fibromyalgia is a common and debilitating chronic pain syndrome of poorly understood etiology. Here we conduct a multi-ancestry genome-wide association study meta-analysis across 2,563,755 individuals (54,629 cases and 2,509,126 controls) from 11 cohorts, identifying 26 risk loci for fibromyalgia. The strongest association was with a coding variant in HTT, the causal gene for Huntington's disease. Gene prioritization implicated the HTT regulator GPR52, as well as diverse genes with neural roles, including DCC, DRD2/NCAM1, MDGA2 and CELF4. Fibromyalgia heritability was exclusively enriched within brain tissues and neural cell types. Fibromyalgia showed strong, positive genetic correlation with a wide range of chronic pain, psychiatric and somatic disorders, including genetic correlations above 0.7 with low back pain, post-traumatic stress disorder and irritable bowel syndrome. Despite large sex differences in fibromyalgia prevalence, the genetic architecture of fibromyalgia was nearly identical between males and females. This study provides robust genetic evidence defining fibromyalgia as a central nervous system disorder, thereby establishing a biological framework for its complex pathophysiology and extensive clinical comorbidities.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada",
    "Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada",
    "Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada",
    "Amgen deCODE Genetics, Reykjavik, Iceland",
    "Krembil Centre for Neuroinformatics, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada",
    "Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA",
    "Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland",
    "Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA",
    "Broad Institute, Stanley Center of Psychiatric Research, Cambridge, MA, USA",
    "Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA",
    "Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan",
    "Broad Institute, Molecular and Population Genetics Program, Cambridge, MA, USA",
    "Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA",
    "Molecular and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA",
    "Institute of Genomics, Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia",
    "Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia",
    "Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada",
    "Department of Clinical Immunology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark",
    "The Parker Institute, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg Frederiksberg, Denmark",
    "The Parker Institute, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark",
    "Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark",
    "Novo Nordisk Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark",
    "Clinical Immunology Research Unit, Department of Clinical Immunology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark",
    "Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark",
    "Department of Clinical Immunology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark",
    "Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark",
    "Department of Rheumatology, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland",
    "Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK",
    "Neurogenomics, Translational Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup Denmark",
    "Danish Headache Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark",
    "Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark",
    "Neurogenomics, Translational Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark",
    "Intermountain Medical Center, Intermountain Heart Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA",
    "Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK",
    "Precision Healthcare University Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK",
    "Intermountain Healthcare, Saint George, UT, USA",
    "Department of Clinical Immunology, Zealand University Hospital, Koege, Denmark",
    "School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland",
    "Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark",
    "Department of Neurology, Landspitali University Hospital, 108 Reykjavik, Iceland"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 56,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Isabel Kerrebijn",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8894-250X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Gyða Björnsdóttir",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8100-0306"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        4,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Keon Arbabi",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-3219-8835"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5,
        6,
        7,
        8
      ],
      "name": "Lea Urpa",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8712-3518"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Hele Haapaniemi",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4887-7739"
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    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Guðmar Þorleifsson",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4623-9087"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
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      ],
      "name": "Lilja Stefánsdóttir",
      "orcid": "0009-0001-2407-2661"
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        10
      ],
      "name": "Stephan G. Frangakis",
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        11
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      "name": "Jesse Tyler Valliere"
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        11
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      "name": "Lovemore Kunorozva",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4262-6696"
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      "name": "Erik Abner",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6529-3161"
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      "affs": [
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        1,
        2
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      "name": "Caleb Ji",
      "orcid": "0009-0007-7459-7646"
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        17
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      "name": "Markus Kangur"
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    {
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      "name": "Bitten Aagaard",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8306-1332"
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      "name": "Henning Bliddal",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7951-1668"
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        22
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      "name": "Søren Brunak",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0316-5866"
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      "affs": [
        22,
        23
      ],
      "name": "Mie Topholm Bruun",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8819-5388"
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    {
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        23,
        24
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      "name": "Maria Didriksen",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4856-496X"
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    {
      "affs": [
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        25,
        26
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      "name": "Christian Erikstrup",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6551-6647"
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    {
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        3
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      "name": "Sarah Finer",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2684-4653"
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    {
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        26,
        28
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      "name": "Árni J. Geirsson"
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    {
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        3
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      "name": "Daniel F. Gudbjartsson"
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    {
      "affs": [
        29,
        30,
        31,
        32
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      "name": "Thomas Folkmann Hansen",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6703-7762"
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    {
      "affs": [
        33,
        34,
        32
      ],
      "name": "David A. van Heel",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0637-2265"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3,
        23
      ],
      "name": "Ingileif Jónsdóttir",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8339-150X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        32,
        35
      ],
      "name": "Stacey Knight",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0092-7327"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        32,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Kirk U. Knowlton",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-3544-4130"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        23
      ],
      "name": "Christina Mikkelsen",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2945-6197"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        35,
        36
      ],
      "name": "Lincoln D. Nadauld",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-1935-4998"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3,
        37
      ],
      "name": "Thorunn A. Olafsdottir"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        23,
        38,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Sisse Rye Ostrowski",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-5288-3851"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        36,
        38,
        23
      ],
      "name": "Ole Birger Pedersen",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-2312-5976"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3,
        37
      ],
      "name": "Saedís Saevarsdóttir",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-9392-6184"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3,
        37
      ],
      "name": "Ástrós Skúladóttir",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5048-0933"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        23,
        39
      ],
      "name": "Erik Sørensen",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5002-9077"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Hreinn Stefánsson",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9331-6666"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Patrick Sulem",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-7123-6123"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        37
      ],
      "name": "Olafur Arni Sveinsson",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4507-2935"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3,
        26
      ],
      "name": "Guðný Ella Thorlacius",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8997-4327"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Unnur Þorsteinsdóttir",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7049-2827"
    },
    {
      "name": "Henrik Ullum",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-7306-9058"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        26,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Arnór Víkingsson",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2079-865X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        38
      ],
      "name": "Thomas M. Werge"
    },
    {
      "name": "Frances M. K. Williams",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2998-2744"
    },
    {
      "name": "FinnGen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        33,
        34
      ],
      "name": "David van Heel"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5,
        12,
        13
      ],
      "name": "Richa Saxena",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-2233-1065"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Kāri Stefánsson",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1676-864X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        9
      ],
      "name": "Chad M. Brummett",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0974-7242"
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    {
      "affs": [
        38
      ],
      "name": "Bente Glintborg",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8931-8482"
    },
    {
      "name": "Daniel Joseph Clauw",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8114-7818"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Thorgeir E. Thorgeirsson"
    },
    {
      "name": "Frances M. K. Williams",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2998-2744"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nasa Sinnott-Armstrong",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4490-0601"
    },
    {
      "name": "Hanna Maria Ollila",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5302-6429"
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    {
      "name": "Michael Wainberg",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6061-0239"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2hvma0jp46p0v.bib",
  "cited_by": 14,
  "doi": "10.1038/s41591-026-04492-6",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "2hvma0jp46p0v",
  "issns": [
    "1078-8956",
    "1546-170X",
    "1744-7933"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-026-04492-6",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2738|Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W4414345372",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-026-04492-6.pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC12458511",
  "pmid": "41001472",
  "published": "2026-07-28",
  "publisher": "Nature Portfolio",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2hvma0jp46p0v.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
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      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-026-04492-6"
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2738|Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research",
      "subfield": "psychiatry"
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  ],
  "title": "The genetic architecture of fibromyalgia across 2.5 million individuals",
  "title_text": "The genetic architecture of fibromyalgia across 2.5 million individuals",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-08T13:20:51Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2hvma0jp46p0v",
  "venue": "Nature Medicine",
  "versions": []
}