{
  "abstract": "Phytase and β-mannanase are widely used in poultry diets to improve nutrient utilization; however, their individual and interactive effects under phosphorus (P) restriction without supplemental inorganic P remain insufficiently characterized. This study evaluated the effects of phytase and β-mannanase, alone and in combination, on growth performance, ileal digestible energy (IDE), and apparent ileal calcium (Ca) and P digestibility in broilers fed a P-deficient diet without supplemental inorganic P. A total of 720 one-day-old Ross 308 male broilers were randomly allocated to four dietary treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement comprising phytase at 0 or 1,000 FTU/kg and β-mannanase at 0 or 800 Thermostable mannanase unit/kg. Each treatment included 12 replicate pens of 15 birds. From days 8 to 24, birds received corn-soybean meal-based grower diets containing 0.40% total P, 0.14% non-phytate P, and 0.26% phytate P without supplemental inorganic P. Growth performance was evaluated, and ileal digesta were collected on day 24 to determine IDE and apparent ileal Ca and P digestibility. Phytase supplementation increased final body weight by 14.4%, average daily gain by 17.8%, and feed intake by 14.4% and improved feed conversion ratio by 2.9% (p < 0.01). Phytase also increased IDE from 2,641.84 to 2,686.30 kcal/kg, Ca digestibility from 57.82% to 58.83%, and P digestibility from 71.59% to 74.83% (p < 0.01). β-Mannanase increased IDE from 2,647.01 to 2,681.13 kcal/kg (p < 0.01) and Ca digestibility from 58.00% to 58.70% (p < 0.05) but did not significantly affect growth performance or P digestibility. No significant phytase × β-mannanase interactions were detected for growth performance, IDE, or mineral digestibility, although an interaction was observed for flock uniformity (p = 0.011). Under the P-restricted dietary conditions, phytase primarily improved growth performance and mineral utilization, whereas β-mannanase independently enhanced energy utilization and modestly improved Ca digestibility. The absence of synergistic effects indicates distinct enzyme responses under these dietary conditions. These findings support phytase as a nutritional strategy for substantially reducing supplemental inorganic P in carefully formulated broiler diets, although longer-term validation under commercial feeding conditions is warranted.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Tanachot Pengsawad"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Theerawit Poeikhampha"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Chaiyapoom Bunchasak"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Choawit Rakangthong"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Sombat Prasongsook"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2khe9hnapkj79.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.14202/vetworld.2026.4133-4142",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13716399",
  "id": "2khe9hnapkj79",
  "issns": [
    "0972-8988",
    "2231-0916"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42953858",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Research Article"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "1110|Phytase and its Applications"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7213624637",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13716399?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13716399",
  "pmid": "42953858",
  "published": "2026-09-18",
  "publisher": "Veterinary World",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2khe9hnapkj79.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T00:20:41Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42953858",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42953858"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-01T12:23:23Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13716399",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2026.4133-4142"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "openalex:1110|Phytase and its Applications",
      "subfield": "plant-biology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Independent effects of phytase and β-mannanase on growth performance and nutrient utilization in broilers fed phosphorus-deficient diets without supplemental inorganic phosphorus.",
  "title_text": "Independent effects of phytase and β-mannanase on growth performance and nutrient utilization in broilers fed phosphorus-deficient diets without supplemental inorganic phosphorus.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-01T12:23:23Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2khe9hnapkj79",
  "venue": "Veterinary world",
  "versions": []
}