{
  "abstract": "Background/Objectives: Distant metastasis to the infratemporal fossa (ITF) is rare and can mimic primary skull-base tumors. We systematically reviewed reported distant ITF metastases. Methods: Following PRISMA 2020 (PROSPERO CRD420261422546), PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched through 12 June 2026, for reports of ITF metastasis from a distant primary tumor; direct extension from adjacent tumors was excluded. Data were summarized descriptively, and reports were appraised with the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Case Reports. Results: Seventeen reports (17 patients) were included (median age 59 years). The lung was the most frequent primary site (n = 4), followed by the kidney, colorectum, and thyroid (n = 3 each); adenocarcinoma was the most common histology (n = 7). Facial pain (n = 9) and numbness (n = 6) predominated. Bone destruction was reported in 12 patients, and the maxillary sinus (n = 7), orbit (n = 6), pterygopalatine fossa (n = 5), middle cranial fossa (n = 5), and cavernous sinus (n = 4) were involved. The median reported interval to ITF metastasis was 36 months; 11 metastases were metachronous, and 11 patients had other metastatic disease during the reported course. Five patients underwent regional resection or debulking; radiotherapy was reported in eight, radioiodine in three, and systemic drug treatment in nine. At last follow-up, 11 patients were alive, four had died, and status was unknown in two. Conclusions: Distant ITF metastases may present with facial pain and cranial neuropathies. Prognosis is insufficiently characterized, and management should be individualized within a multidisciplinary team. The evidence is limited to case reports with incomplete reporting. No external funding was received.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792, USA"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 14,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ahmed Rasim Bayramoglu",
      "orcid": "0009-0000-9668-7246"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ufuk Erginoglu",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5387-4698"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Umid Sulaimanov",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4839-3347"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Nafiye Sanlier",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4192-9268"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Irem Uslu",
      "orcid": "0009-0007-0744-2695"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Can Hamzaoglu",
      "orcid": "0009-0006-3265-1950"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Zeyad Kamar",
      "orcid": "0009-0008-3585-9129"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yerkebulan Serikkanov",
      "orcid": "0009-0009-0476-2065"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Dilshod Muhammadvalievich Mamadaliev"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Mokhira Jalolova",
      "orcid": "0009-0006-5759-5166"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Maryam Sabah Al-Jebur"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ersin Ikizoglu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Abdullah Keles"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Mustafa Kemal Baskaya"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2mm2qsn5gzzh7.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/cancers18203392",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "2mm2qsn5gzzh7",
  "issns": [
    "2072-6694"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/18/20/3392",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2746|Head and Neck Surgical Oncology"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7222996701",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-20",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2mm2qsn5gzzh7.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:58Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/cancers18203392",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/18/20/3392"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2746|Head and Neck Surgical Oncology",
      "subfield": "surgery"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Anatomical Extent, Presentation, and Outcomes of Distant Metastases to the Infratemporal Fossa: A Systematic Review",
  "title_text": "Anatomical Extent, Presentation, and Outcomes of Distant Metastases to the Infratemporal Fossa: A Systematic Review",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:19:58Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2mm2qsn5gzzh7",
  "venue": "Cancers",
  "versions": []
}