{
  "abstract": "Gravitational redshift is a fundamental prediction of general relativity and a sensitive probe of possible deviations from it. Motivated by recent progress in optical clocks and satellite–ground frequency transfer, we study a dual one-way optical Doppler-cancellation observable for space-based gravitational-redshift tests. The corresponding observable is constructed by combining oppositely directed one-way frequency observables, namely, an uplink and a downlink whose measurements are recorded at the receiving terminals and combined in post-processing. We derive the corresponding relativistic observable up to order $$c^{-3}$$ c - 3 , as required for future $$10^{-18}$$ 10 - 18 -level clock comparisons. The resulting combination suppresses the first-order Doppler contribution to second order while retaining the gravitational-redshift signal. We analyze the dominant residual effects, including higher-order Doppler terms, atmospheric delay, Shapiro delay, tidal effects, and clock synchronization. The formalism is applied to representative satellite–ground configurations, including an Atomic Clock Ensemble in Space/China Space Station (ACES/CSS)-like low-Earth-orbit configuration and a geostationary Earth-orbit satellite. The results show that the dual one-way optical DCS configuration provides a useful relativistic framework and error-modeling reference for future $$10^{-18}$$ 10 - 18 -level space-based gravitational-redshift tests, while highlighting the need for stringent clock synchronization.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Sun Yat-sen University (Zhuhai Campus)",
    "Chinese Academy of Sciences",
    "Huazhong University of Science and Technology"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 8,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Cheng-Gang Qin",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-5989-9055"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Tong Liu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Qin Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yang Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Qi-Long Gong"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Zhi-Yu Ma"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Yu-Jie Tan",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-3124-2777"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Cheng-Gang Shao",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0343-3250"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2pcrr8jjkj79e.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16367-8",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "2pcrr8jjkj79e",
  "issns": [
    "1434-6044",
    "1434-6052"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16367-8",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16367-8.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-26",
  "publisher": "Springer Science and Business Media LLC",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2pcrr8jjkj79e.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:04Z",
      "native_id": "10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16367-8",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16367-8"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "issn:1434-6044",
      "subfield": "high-energy"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Relativistic formulation for dual one-way Doppler cancellation scheme observables for gravitational redshift tests",
  "title_text": "Relativistic formulation for dual one-way Doppler cancellation scheme observables for gravitational redshift tests",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:04Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2pcrr8jjkj79e",
  "venue": "The European Physical Journal C",
  "versions": []
}