{
  "abstract": "Objective: To evaluate whether preoperative ultrasonographic evidence of nerve entrapment is associated with pain relief after lower-limb peripheral nerve decompression in patients with painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (PDPN). Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study included 110 consecutive patients with PDPN who underwent bilateral lower-limb peripheral nerve decompression between February 2023 and June 2024. After three patients were lost to follow-up, 107 were analyzed. Preoperative ultrasonography assessed the bilateral common peroneal and tibial nerves. Patients were classified as ultrasound-positive if at least one examined nerve met the specified focal entrapment criteria and as ultrasound-negative otherwise. Numeric rating scale (NRS) scores were recorded preoperatively and at 7 days, 6 months, and 12 months after surgery. A ≥50% reduction in NRS score at 12 months was defined as pain response. Analysis of covariance and multivariable logistic regression were performed. Results: Ultrasonographic evidence of focal entrapment in at least one examined common peroneal or tibial nerve was identified in 42 patients (39.3%). Mean NRS scores decreased from 7.9 preoperatively to 2.7, 2.5, and 2.7 at 7 days, 6 months, and 12 months, respectively (all Holm-adjusted p < 0.001). After adjustment for baseline NRS score, the ultrasound-positive group had lower NRS scores at 7 days and 12 months than the ultrasound-negative group; the between-group difference was not statistically significant at 6 months. At 12 months, 77 patients (72.0%) achieved pain response: 35 of 42 ultrasound-positive patients (83.3%) and 42 of 65 ultrasound-negative patients (64.6%). Ultrasound-positive status was associated with higher odds of pain response after multivariable adjustment (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 3.69; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.28–10.67; p = 0.016). Firth bias-reduced logistic regression yielded a similar estimate (OR, 3.32; 95% profile-likelihood CI, 1.26–9.81; p = 0.015). Conclusions: Preoperative ultrasonographic evidence of nerve entrapment was associated with more favorable postoperative pain outcomes after nerve decompression in patients with PDPN. Its potential prognostic value requires prospective validation.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100029, China",
    "Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China",
    "Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital (Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100029, China",
    "Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 11,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ze Zhang",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-2050-1761"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Qi Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Zhenxuan Gao"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Wenqiang Yang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Shuguang Cai"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Quanyu Jin"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Jiaxin Liu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Chenchen Kong"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Abudurezhake Aerman",
      "orcid": "0009-0003-0434-9701"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Lei Kou",
      "orcid": "0009-0002-1184-1932"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Li Zhang",
      "orcid": "0009-0001-1532-410X"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2pq8h2ny13tcy.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/jcm15208029",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13705645/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "2pq8h2ny13tcy",
  "issns": [
    "2077-0383"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/15/20/8029",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2741|Peripheral Nerve Disorders"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7222666487",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13705645/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13705645",
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-01",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2pq8h2ny13tcy.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:00Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/jcm15208029",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/15/20/8029"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:21:34Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13705645",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13705645"
    }
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2741|Peripheral Nerve Disorders",
      "subfield": "imaging"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Association Between Ultrasonographic Evidence of Nerve Entrapment and Pain Outcomes After Nerve Decompression in Painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy",
  "title_text": "Association Between Ultrasonographic Evidence of Nerve Entrapment and Pain Outcomes After Nerve Decompression in Painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:21:34Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2pq8h2ny13tcy",
  "venue": "Journal of Clinical Medicine",
  "versions": []
}