{
  "abstract": "Objective\n\nPeriodontitis is characterized by a dysregulated inflammatory response mediated by proinflammatory cytokines. This study aimed to compare the immunomodulatory effects of high-intensity (DLT-H) versus low-intensity (DLT-L) diode laser therapy as adjuncts to conventional scaling and root planning (SRP) in patients with periodontitis.Results\n\nTwenty-seven participants contributing 81 non-adjacent periodontal sites were randomly assigned into three treatment groups: SRP alone, SRP + DLT-H, and SRP + DLT-L. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was collected at baseline, 1 month, and 3 months post-treatment to quantify levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α. All treatment modalities led to significant reductions in pro-inflammatory cytokine levels over time (p < 0.01). DLT-H produced the most pronounced and sustained decreases, with early and long-term suppression significantly greater than both SRP alone and DLT-L. DLT-L yielded moderate yet consistent reductions across all cytokines, whereas SRP alone demonstrated limited and less durable immunomodulatory effects. Pairwise comparisons highlighted the superior efficacy of DLT-H in both early (baseline to 1 month) and late (1 to 3 months) intervals, particularly for IL-6 and TNF-α. These findings indicate that high-intensity diode laser therapy provides superior and modulatory benefits and may enhance the outcomes of nonsurgical periodontal therapy.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Oral Medicine and Periodontology Department, College of Dentistry, University of Sciences and Technology, Sana'a, Yemen. aamanialsharani.aa@gmail.com.",
    "Department of Biological and Preventive Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Sciences and Technology, Sana'a, Yemen. aamanialsharani.aa@gmail.com.",
    "Oral Medicine and Periodontology Department, College of Dentistry, University of Sciences and Technology, Sana'a, Yemen.",
    "Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Thamar University, Dhamar, Yemen.",
    "Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Civilization University, Sana'a, Yemen.",
    "Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 3,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Amani A Al-Sharani"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2,
        3,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Wadhah A Al-Hajj"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Ahmed A Madfa"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2rw0kxqgrnaeh.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1186/s13104-026-07955-8",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13685296",
  "id": "2rw0kxqgrnaeh",
  "issns": [
    "1756-0500"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42902332",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "lcc",
      "Q1-390"
    ],
    [
      "lcc",
      "QH301-705.5"
    ],
    [
      "lcc",
      "R"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2741|Laser Applications in Dentistry and Medicine"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7171073026",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13685296?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13685296",
  "pmid": "42902332",
  "published": "2026-07-01",
  "publisher": "BMC",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2rw0kxqgrnaeh.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:41Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42902332",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42902332"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T13:45:32Z",
      "native_id": "15d3a63b09cc45b2aee695cfbb2b18b9",
      "source": "doaj",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-026-07955-8"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2741|Laser Applications in Dentistry and Medicine",
      "subfield": "imaging"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Immunomodulatory effects of high versus low intensity diode laser as adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy in periodontitis.",
  "title_text": "Immunomodulatory effects of high versus low intensity diode laser as adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy in periodontitis.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T13:45:32Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2rw0kxqgrnaeh",
  "venue": "BMC research notes",
  "versions": []
}