{
  "abstract": "Background/Objectives: Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) may be accompanied by depressive symptoms. Risk factors for a screening diagnosis of depression (SDD) in ADHF are poorly understood. Methods: We enrolled 51 patients with a median age 67 years hospitalized due to ADHF. SDD was determined by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) with >12 points or by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) with >11 points. Severe depressive symptoms were diagnosed based on a Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) score of >17 points. Baseline neurotrophic potential and stress response were assessed by plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and FK506 binding protein 5 (FKBP5), respectively. Results: SDD was identified in 20 (39.2%) patients based on the BDI, in 13 (25.5%) based on the PHQ-9, while severe depressive symptoms according to the HDRS were found in 15 (29.4%) patients. Women had higher BDI (p = 0.044), PHQ-9 (p = 0.022) and HDRS (p = 0.006) scores than men. The BDI score correlated with plasma FKBP5 (r = 0.317, p = 0.025) and inversely with BDNF (r = −0.380, p = 0.006). In multivariable analysis, a higher BDI score was associated with female sex (β = 0.294, p = 0.033) and lower plasma BDNF (β = −0.330, p = 0.015), while a higher HDRS score was associated with female sex (β = 0.312, p = 0.010) and higher plasma FKBP5 (β = 0.388, p = 0.007). Conclusions: In a multi-scale assessment, SDD or severe depressive symptoms were identified in 25–40% of ADHF patients. A higher BDI score was independently associated with lower BDNF, whereas a higher HDRS score was associated with female sex and higher FKBP5.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Michalowskiego 12 Street, 31-126 Krakow, Poland",
    "Department of Thromboembolic Disorders, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 80 Pradnicka Street, 31-202 Krakow, Poland",
    "Department of Coronary Artery Disease and Heart Failure, Saint John Paul II Hospital, 80 Pradnicka Street, 31-202 Krakow, Poland",
    "Department of Coronary Artery Disease and Heart Failure, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 80 Pradnicka Street, 31-202 Krakow, Poland"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Magdalena Zalewska",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-7444-987X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Karol Nowak",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2474-5512"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Julia Kościanek",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4348-6106"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Jadwiga Nessler"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Jarosław Zalewski",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4374-3694"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2y8xmkaw0424y.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/jcm15207893",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13705762/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "2y8xmkaw0424y",
  "issns": [
    "2077-0383"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/15/20/7893",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2705|Cardiac Health and Mental Health"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221604347",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13705762/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13705762",
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-01",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2y8xmkaw0424y.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:00Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/jcm15207893",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/15/20/7893"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:21:34Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13705762",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13705762"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2705|Cardiac Health and Mental Health",
      "subfield": "cardiovascular"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Decreased Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Increased FK506 Binding Protein 5 and Female Sex Are Associated with Multiscale-Assessed Depressive Symptoms During Heart Failure Decompensation: A Polish Prospective Cohort Study",
  "title_text": "Decreased Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Increased FK506 Binding Protein 5 and Female Sex Are Associated with Multiscale-Assessed Depressive Symptoms During Heart Failure Decompensation: A Polish Prospective Cohort Study",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:21:34Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2y8xmkaw0424y",
  "venue": "Journal of Clinical Medicine",
  "versions": []
}