{
  "abstract": "Arctic Ocean (AO) shelf permafrost is the most popular and best-known type of subsea permafrost. Genetically, it is analogous to the ordinary subaerial permafrost. Today, the following types of subsea permafrost are also known: i) ice-bearing sediment layers formed from porewater freshening of terrestrial origins, ii) thermokarst lake taliks refreezing under cryotic seabed conditions, iii) bottom-fast ice preserving permafrost due to efficient heat conduction from atmosphere-ice-sediment coupling in winter, and iv) similar permafrost aggradation processes occurring beneath small islands and spits evolving with sediment dynamics. Here, we propose another type of marine permafrost: a deep seabed permafrost (DSP) underlying AO bottom sediments in a cryotic but not frozen state because of salty, supercooled seawater. Primary calculations indicate that the area of DSP deeper than 150 m may reach about 7.0 million km ² , with the contacting seawater temperature ranging from − 2.5 °C to 0 °C. The formation and persistence of DSP or, almost equivalently, the negative-temperature regime of the AO seawater at the deeper layers may have begun at the Pliocene–Pleistocene border, ca. 3.5–2.4 Ma ago.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 2,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Wojciech Dobiński"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kazuyuki Saito",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0846-0557"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2ypdfd766y10m.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-68112-6",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "2ypdfd766y10m",
  "issns": [
    "2045-2322"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-68112-6",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1902|Climate change and permafrost"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221614936",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-68112-6.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-13",
  "publisher": "Springer Science and Business Media LLC",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2ypdfd766y10m.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:26Z",
      "native_id": "10.1038/s41598-026-68112-6",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-68112-6"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "earth",
      "origin": "openalex:1902|Climate change and permafrost",
      "subfield": "climate"
    }
  ],
  "title": "On the possibility of deep seabed permafrost to occupy Ca. 7 million km2 in the Arctic Ocean",
  "title_text": "On the possibility of deep seabed permafrost to occupy Ca. 7 million km2 in the Arctic Ocean",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:17:26Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2ypdfd766y10m",
  "venue": "Scientific Reports",
  "versions": []
}