{
  "abstract": "Chlorogenic acid (CA), the principal bioactive constituent of honeysuckle, is conventionally extracted by time-consuming methods using toxic organic solvents, which carry the risk of thermal degradation. This study provides a rapid and efficient microwave-assisted deep eutectic solvent (DES-MAE) method for CA extraction and elucidates its mechanism at the molecular level. Eight DESs were systematically screened, and extraction parameters were optimized via single-factor experiments and response surface methodology (RSM). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to reveal the DES-CA interaction mechanism. Benzyltrimethylammonium chloride–ethylene glycol with 40% water content was identified as optimal. Under the optimized conditions (640 W, 78 s, and 9.35 mg/mL), the quadratic model (R2 = 0.9879) predicted a CA yield of 39.851 mg/g, which was consistent with the experimental value of 39.431 ± 0.068 mg/g (1.1% relative deviation). DFT calculations revealed four hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking between DES1 and CA, with a binding energy of −25.641 kcal/mol, which far exceeded those of water (−5.277 kcal/mol) and ethanol (−8.946 kcal/mol). The DES-MAE method achieved the highest extraction yield within merely 78 s, compared with 60 min for HRE and 30 min for the pharmacopoeial method. This work provides a rapid, efficient, and mechanistically validated strategy for extracting bioactive compounds from traditional Chinese medicinal materials.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China",
    "College of Pharmacy, Henan Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China",
    "Henan Key Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China",
    "School of Chemistry and Life Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 7,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Hongwei Wu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ruixin Chen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Hu Feng"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ningfei Liu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yongli Shi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Feng Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Tiancheng Mu",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8931-6113"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2ypdxk00866am.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/molecules31193545",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13666877/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "2ypdxk00866am",
  "issns": [
    "1420-3049"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13666877",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1503|Ionic liquids properties and applications"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7220357492",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13666877/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13666877",
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-01",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2ypdxk00866am.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:35Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13666877",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13666877"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:42Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/molecules31193545",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/31/19/3545"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:1503|Ionic liquids properties and applications",
      "subfield": "catalysis"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Rapid and Efficient Extraction of Chlorogenic Acid from Honeysuckle Using Microwave-Assisted Deep Eutectic Solvents: Process Optimization and Mechanistic Investigation via Integration of Experiments and Density Functional Theory Calculations",
  "title_text": "Rapid and Efficient Extraction of Chlorogenic Acid from Honeysuckle Using Microwave-Assisted Deep Eutectic Solvents: Process Optimization and Mechanistic Investigation via Integration of Experiments and Density Functional Theory Calculations",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:42Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/2ypdxk00866am",
  "venue": "Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)",
  "versions": []
}