{
  "abstract": "Introduction: Scutellaria barbata D. Don ( S. barbata ), a traditional Chinese medicinal herb widely used for its heat-clearing and detoxifying properties, has shown broad-spectrum antiviral potential. However, its anti-H1N1 activity and underlying mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated.\n\nMethods: In this study, the anti-H1N1 activity and underlying mechanisms of S. barbata extract were investigated using H1N1-infected MDCK cells and BALB/c mice. Transcriptomic analysis followed by mRNA and protein-level validation was performed to characterize its molecular effects, while UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS was used to identify blood-absorbed constituents. Potential active compounds were subsequently screened by integrating the absorbed constituents with network pharmacology and further validated in vitro and in vivo .\n\nResults: S. barbata extract markedly inhibited H1N1 replication in MDCK cells (IC ₅₀ = 42.87 μg/mL; CC ₅₀ > 500 μg/mL) and reduced viral burden and pulmonary inflammation in infected mice. Mechanistically, S. barbata treatment suppressed the Toll-like receptor, NF-κB, and chemokine signaling pathways, suggesting coordinated regulation of antiviral and inflammatory responses. Among the blood-absorbed constituents, baicalein and chrysoeriol were identified as key candidate active compounds and exhibited potent anti-H1N1 activity in vitro and in vivo (IC ₅₀ = 13.80 and 11.10 μM, respectively).\n\nDiscussion: Collectively, these findings demonstrate that S. barbata exerts anti-H1N1 effects through a combination of direct inhibition of viral replication and modulation of excessive inflammatory responses, with baicalein and chrysoeriol representing important contributors to its antiviral activity.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "College of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University , ,",
    "Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , ,",
    "Beijing Life Science Academy , ,"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ying Yang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Junjing Shao"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Lin Hou"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Shihao Sun"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Guihong Qi"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/33wk5t7g16ams.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3389/fmicb.2026.1945077",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13668814/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "33wk5t7g16ams",
  "issns": [
    "1664-302X"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13668814",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2736|Flavonoids in Medical Research"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7215084567",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13668814/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13668814",
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-01",
  "publisher": "Frontiers Media SA",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/33wk5t7g16ams.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:25Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13668814",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13668814"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:12Z",
      "native_id": "10.3389/fmicb.2026.1945077",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1945077/full"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2736|Flavonoids in Medical Research",
      "subfield": "pharmacology-toxicology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Exploration of the mechanisms and active compounds of Scutellaria barbata D. Don against influenza A (H1N1) virus",
  "title_text": "Exploration of the mechanisms and active compounds of Scutellaria barbata D. Don against influenza A (H1N1) virus",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:19:12Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/33wk5t7g16ams",
  "venue": "Frontiers in microbiology",
  "versions": []
}