{
  "abstract": "Background: This study examined associations between narcissistic traits and emotional dependence on large language models (LLMs) among adolescents, focusing on anxiety and physical activity.\n\nMethods: A multistage stratified sample of 1622 Chinese junior high school students was surveyed in November 2025. Narcissistic traits, anxiety, LLM emotional dependence, and physical activity were assessed using the FFNI-SF, GAD-2, an adapted five-item LLM emotional dependence measure, and PARS-3, respectively. Pearson correlations and PROCESS Models 4 and 7 with 5,000 bootstrap resamples were conducted, with Johnson–Neyman analysis used to probe the interaction.\n\nResults: Narcissistic traits correlated positively with anxiety (r=0.118, P<0.001) and LLM emotional dependence (r=0.301, P<0.001), while anxiety correlated positively with LLM emotional dependence (r=0.146, P<0.001). Physical activity correlated negatively with anxiety (r=−0.119, P<0.001) and LLM emotional dependence (r=−0.075, P = 0.002). Adjusting for grade and left-behind status, anxiety showed a small indirect association between narcissistic traits and LLM emotional dependence (Effect=0.011, 95% CI [0.004, 0.020]). The narcissistic traits × physical activity interaction was significant (β=−0.056, P = 0.015), with the narcissism–anxiety association significant below 0.73 SD of physical activity. The moderated mediation index was not significant (Index=−0.0061, 95% bootstrap CI [−0.0130, 0.0001]).\n\nConclusion: Narcissistic traits were positively associated with adolescent LLM emotional dependence, with a small cross-sectional indirect association through anxiety. Physical activity moderated the narcissism–anxiety association, although overall moderated mediation was not supported.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Wuhan Sports University , ,",
    "Huangshan University , ,",
    "Chengdu Vocational University of the Arts , ,",
    "Jishou University , ,",
    "Fuyang Institute of Technology , ,"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yihang Zhao"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Mengyue Xu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Ning Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Yang Liu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Hong Wang"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/34p7qwgfrmmpg.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1958023",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13690931/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "34p7qwgfrmmpg",
  "issns": [
    "1664-0640"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13690931",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "3312|Impact of Technology on Adolescents"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221115083",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13690931/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13690931",
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-09",
  "publisher": "Frontiers Media SA",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/34p7qwgfrmmpg.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:00Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13690931",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13690931"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:18Z",
      "native_id": "10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1958023",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1958023/full"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "issn:1664-0640",
      "subfield": "psychiatry"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Narcissistic traits and emotional dependence on large language models among adolescents",
  "title_text": "Narcissistic traits and emotional dependence on large language models among adolescents",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:20:18Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/34p7qwgfrmmpg",
  "venue": "Frontiers in psychiatry",
  "versions": []
}