{
  "abstract": "This study details the synthesis and application of a novel one-part geopolymeric hybrid composite (OP-GPHC) derived from glauconite, talc, and olive seed waste-based activated carbon for the efficient sequestration of Congo red (CR) dye from contaminated water. The hybrid binder was synthesized by impregnating activated carbon-based biogenic waste into a thermally treated glauconite/talc matrix, followed by alkali-activation with NaOH. Comprehensive characterization via XRD, FTIR, BET, TG/DTG, FESEM/EDX, and elemental mapping confirmed the material's exceptional adsorptive properties. A Box-Behnken design (BBD) optimization established the optimal operational conditions: pH 2.0, adsorbent dosage 0.07 g/ 25 ml, contact time 77.5 min, initial CR concentration 150 mg/L, and temperature 328 K, achieving a removal efficiency of 99.2%. Equilibrium data were best described by the Langmuir isotherm, yielding a maximum adsorption capacity of 367 mg/g at 328 K, while kinetic data followed the pseudo-first-order (PFO) model. Advanced statistical physics modeling revealed a multimolecular adsorption mechanism with a vertical orientation of CR molecules at the active sites, independent of temperature, and binding energies in the range of 19.25-21.46 kJ/mol, consistent with physisorption dominated by hydrogen bonding, π-π interactions, and electrostatic forces. Thermodynamic parameters confirmed the endothermic and spontaneous nature of the process. The OP-GPHC adsorbent exhibited excellent reusability (87.8% after five cycles) and a low production cost of $0.032/g. Based on batch-derived data, treatment of 100 L of CR-contaminated water (50 mg/L) is projected to cost approximately $1.68, highlighting its strong potential for industrial-scale tertiary treatment applications.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, 11432, Saudi Arabia",
    "Faculty of Earth Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni, Suef, 62511, Egypt. ahmed.salah2407@esc.bsu.edu.eg",
    "Department of Refractories, Ceramics, and Building Materials, National Research Centre, P.O. 12622, 33 El Bohooth st. (former El Tahrir st.), Dokki, Cairo, Giza, Egypt"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Abdelrahman G. Gadallah",
      "orcid": "0009-0005-6148-7400"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Ahmed S. Elshimy",
      "orcid": "0009-0009-7403-1452"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Ahmed A. Hegazy",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-3009-9801"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Mohammod H. Rahman"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/38ytf72b4sx1v.bib",
  "cited_by": 6,
  "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-50411-7",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "38ytf72b4sx1v",
  "issns": [
    "2045-2322"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-50411-7",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2312|Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7162092502",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": "PMC13197495",
  "pmid": "42173939",
  "published": "2026-05-22",
  "publisher": "Nature Portfolio",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/38ytf72b4sx1v.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T13:26:58Z",
      "native_id": "W7162092502",
      "source": "openalex",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-50411-7"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "earth",
      "origin": "openalex:2312|Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal",
      "subfield": "hydrology-soils"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Sustainable one-part geopolymeric hybrid composite derived from glauconite, talc, and olive seed waste–based activated carbon for Congo red adsorption",
  "title_text": "Sustainable one-part geopolymeric hybrid composite derived from glauconite, talc, and olive seed waste–based activated carbon for Congo red adsorption",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-08T13:20:55Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/38ytf72b4sx1v",
  "venue": "Scientific Reports",
  "versions": []
}