{
  "abstract": "Carbon aerogels are widely used for thermal protection in extreme high-temperature environments under inert atmospheres because of their excellent thermal insulation. However, their high specific surface area and open-pore structure promote moisture uptake, necessitating hydrophobic or low-surface-energy functionalization for practical use. Existing studies have primarily focused on room-temperature wettability after modification, while the high-temperature decomposition of functional layers, elemental evolution, and volatile release remain insufficiently understood. Herein, vapor-phase fluorosilane (FAS)-modified carbon aerogel composites were investigated by combining solid-state chemical characterization with evolved-gas analysis to clarify the thermal evolution of the functional layer under inert high-temperature conditions. FAS modification produced a superhydrophobic surface with an initial water contact angle of approximately 163°. During heating, the FAS-derived functional layer entered a rapid-decomposition stage at approximately 372 °C, followed by the principal fluorinated-volatilization stage near 443 °C. Perfluoroalkyl-chain cleavage progressively removed fluorine from the material through the release of CxFy-containing volatile species, accompanied by the disappearance of C–F, CF2, and CF3 structures. In contrast, part of the silicon-containing fraction was retained and evolved into a Si–C-related residual structure. Although high-temperature exposure eliminated FAS-derived hydrophobicity, the nanoparticle-assembled nanoporous carbon framework remained intact without obvious structural collapse. These findings establish a selective thermal-failure pathway in which fluorinated chains preferentially decompose and volatilize, whereas silicon-containing species are partially retained and reconstructed on the carbon framework, clarifying the failure mechanism of surface-modified carbon aerogel nanomaterials in extreme thermal environments.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory, College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China",
    "Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of High-Speed Aerodynamic Metamaterials, Changsha 410073, China"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yiren Long"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Junzong Feng",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6844-8950"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yonggang Jiang",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4632-5575"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yijie Hu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Jian Feng"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/398ajc44n5czp.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/nano16191250",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13667006/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "398ajc44n5czp",
  "issns": [
    "2079-4991"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13667006",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1607|Aerogels and thermal insulation"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7220433767",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13667006/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13667006",
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-01",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/398ajc44n5czp.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:31Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13667006",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13667006"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:45Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/nano16191250",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/16/19/1250"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:1607|Aerogels and thermal insulation",
      "subfield": "physical"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Thermal Evolution of Silicon and Fluorine Species in Fluorosilane-Modified Carbon Aerogel Composites",
  "title_text": "Thermal Evolution of Silicon and Fluorine Species in Fluorosilane-Modified Carbon Aerogel Composites",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:45Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/398ajc44n5czp",
  "venue": "Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)",
  "versions": []
}