{
  "abstract": "Man Wang,1,2 Ying Zhang,2 Lifang Lu,1 Zhenhe Mo,2 Zhongyi Sun3,41Department of Geriatrics, Guigang City People’ s Hospital, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guigang, Guangxi, 537100, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Emergency, Guigang City People’ s Hospital, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guigang, Guangxi, 537100, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, People’s Republic of China; 4Clinical Research Center of Hubei Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Man Wang, Email manwang12@163.com Zhongyi Sun, Email zhongyisun920926@163.comBackground: Neurological outcome is key to extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) benefit. However, the prognostic relevance of early PIV dynamics after ECPR remains poorly characterized.Methods: We conducted an exploratory retrospective single-center study of 107 ECPR patients with at least three valid complete blood count (CBC) measurements within 24 h of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) pump-on. The primary outcome was an unfavorable neurological outcome at hospital discharge, defined as Cerebral Performance Category (CPC) 3– 5. Latent class mixed models (LCMMs) were used to identify early pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) trajectory groups, and multivariable logistic regression evaluated their association with the outcome. Incremental predictive performance was explored using leakage-controlled nested cross-validation in which trajectory modeling was repeated within each outer training fold.Results: Among 107 included patients, 53 had an unfavorable neurological outcome at hospital discharge. Two distinct early PIV trajectory patterns were identified in this selected cohort: a high-baseline decreasing class (n=68) and a low-baseline rising class (n=39). The low-baseline rising class had a significantly higher rate of unfavorable neurological outcome than the high-baseline decreasing class (69.2% vs 38.2%, P=0.004). In the fully adjusted model, the low-baseline rising trajectory was associated with significantly higher odds of unfavorable neurological outcome compared with the high-baseline decreasing trajectory (odds ratio 5.70, 95% confidence interval 1.73– 18.81, P=0.004). In an internal exploratory comparison, adding the trajectory class to the clinical risk model increased the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve from 0.746 to 0.812, but the bootstrap 95% CI for the AUC increment crossed zero.Conclusion: Two exploratory early PIV trajectory groups were identified in this selected cohort. The low-baseline rising pattern was associated with a higher probability of CPC-defined unfavorable neurological outcome at hospital discharge in this selected single-center cohort. Although trajectory information numerically improved internal predictive performance, the incremental improvement was uncertain and requires external validation.Keywords: extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation, pan-immune-inflammation value, trajectory analysis, neurological outcome, latent class mixed model, inflammatory biomarkers",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Geriatrics",
    "Department of Emergency",
    "Department of Critical Care Medicine"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Wang M"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Zhang Y"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Lu L"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Mo Z"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Sun Z"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3b3af5b2ehrs0.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": null,
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.dovepress.com/early-pan-immune-inflammation-value-trajectories-are-associated-with-u-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JIR",
  "id": "3b3af5b2ehrs0",
  "issns": [
    "1178-7031"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.dovepress.com/early-pan-immune-inflammation-value-trajectories-are-associated-with-u-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JIR",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "lcc",
      "RB1-214"
    ],
    [
      "lcc",
      "RM1-950"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-01",
  "publisher": "Dove Medical Press",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3b3af5b2ehrs0.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-02T14:20:53Z",
      "native_id": "203bdfd994f947e2ba57444e98248106",
      "source": "doaj",
      "url": "https://www.dovepress.com/early-pan-immune-inflammation-value-trajectories-are-associated-with-u-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JIR"
    }
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "lcc:RM1-950",
      "subfield": "pharmacology-toxicology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Early Pan-Immune-Inflammation Value Trajectories are Associated with Unfavorable Neurological Outcomes After Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation",
  "title_text": "Early Pan-Immune-Inflammation Value Trajectories are Associated with Unfavorable Neurological Outcomes After Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-03T14:20:55Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3b3af5b2ehrs0",
  "venue": "Journal of Inflammation Research",
  "versions": []
}