{
  "abstract": "This study aimed to investigate the effects of a 6-min bodyweight high-intensity interval training (HIIT) session in inhibitory control, working memory and cognitive flexibility among 12–13-year-olds in a school environment. Forty-two participants (12.2 ± 0.4 years, 17 girls) completed a within-participants crossover study, with a HIIT and control condition delivered in a counterbalanced order. Assessments for inhibitory control, working memory and cognitive flexibility were administered pre- and 10-min post- the HIIT and control trials, utilising Flanker, Visual 2-back and Colour-Shape Switch tasks, respectively. Reaction time and accuracy for performing the tasks were assessed separately with Linear Mixed Models, with sex included as a moderator, and maturity, waist-to-height ratio and 20-meter shuttle run performance as covariates. No significant changes were observed in inhibitory control, possibly due to low task sensitivity or a ceiling effect in the Flanker task. Compared with the control condition, participants demonstrated a greater reduction in reaction time on the Visual 2-back task following the HIIT condition (interaction estimate = − 85 ms, 95% CI − 164 to − 6 ms, p = 0.034), without compromising response accuracy. For cognitive flexibility, accuracy remained stable following HIIT but declined by 0.041 (95% CI − 0.075 to − 0.007) in the control condition, resulting a significant condition * time interaction (interaction estimate = 0.052, 95% CI 0.004 to 0.100, p = 0.035). These findings suggest that a single session of bodyweight HIIT may improve working memory task performance and help maintain cognitive flexibility in adolescents within a real-world school setting.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 7,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Yong Liu"
    },
    {
      "name": "Alan R. Barker"
    },
    {
      "name": "Anna-Lynne R. Adlam"
    },
    {
      "name": "Minghui Li"
    },
    {
      "name": "Andrew O. Agbaje"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yaodong Gu"
    },
    {
      "name": "Craig A. Williams",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-1740-6248"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3bqytw28err8z.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-74405-7",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "3bqytw28err8z",
  "issns": [
    "2045-2322"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-74405-7",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2737|Physical Activity and Health"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7220396164",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-74405-7_reference.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-05",
  "publisher": "Springer Science and Business Media LLC",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3bqytw28err8z.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:22Z",
      "native_id": "10.1038/s41598-026-74405-7",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-74405-7"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2737|Physical Activity and Health",
      "subfield": "physiology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "The acute effects of a school-based high-intensity interval training on executive function in 12–13-year-olds",
  "title_text": "The acute effects of a school-based high-intensity interval training on executive function in 12–13-year-olds",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:17:22Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3bqytw28err8z",
  "venue": "Scientific Reports",
  "versions": []
}