{
  "abstract": "Nanotechnology has a significant role in cosmetics and cosmeceuticals for epidermal care. In this review, mechanisms of nanomaterial penetration into the skin and penetration pathways, key physicochemical factors, as well as the various models, namely in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo, used to investigate nanoparticle behavior with the epidermis, have been discussed. The roles of nanocarriers and active ingredients have been discussed in the design and development of nanoformulations to address limitations of conventional topical formulations, including poor solubility, instability, and limited skin penetration of active ingredients. Furthermore, they improve skin hydration, promote skin repair, and support anti-aging and antioxidant functions, influencing their effectiveness, along with safety, environmental sustainability, and global regulatory frameworks for nanomaterials in skin care products. Future research should focus on sustainable nanomaterials and advanced toxicological assessment methods to ensure consumer safety without compromising product efficacy. The details of analysis and characterization of active ingredients and nanomaterials-based formulations in epidermal care have been provided. Furthermore, the guidelines from India, the EU, and the USA are briefly provided to support stakeholders. Finally, future research directions are highlighted, with particular emphasis on integrative design strategies that combine experimental evaluation with theoretical and in silico toxicity prediction models to ensure consumer safety while maintaining product efficacy.Clinical trial number: Not applicable.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Applied Chemistry, Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.",
    "Sonama Naturals Pvt. Ltd, Plot No 21, Sector 07, IIE Pantnagar, SIDCUL, Rudrapur, Uttarakhand, India.",
    "Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University (CCS HAU), Hisar, Haryana, India.",
    "Department of Chemistry, Sanatan Dharm College (Muzaffarnagar), Maa Shakumbhari University, Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.",
    "Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University (CCS HAU), Hisar, India. rahulkdhaka.iitr@gmail.com.",
    "Vice-Chancellor's Secretariat, Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India. kps.biophysics@gmail.com.",
    "Biophysics, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India. kps.biophysics@gmail.com."
  ],
  "article_type": "review article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 7,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Vishesh Kumar Gangwar"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Sanjesh Singh"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Anuj Rana"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Sarita Dhaka"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Rahul Kumar Dhaka"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "S K Panday"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5,
        6
      ],
      "name": "Krishna Pal Singh"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3ev3dn2q3j709.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1186/s11671-026-04945-4",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13683272",
  "id": "3ev3dn2q3j709",
  "issns": [
    "2731-9229"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42900312",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "3003|Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223055081",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13683272?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13683272",
  "pmid": "42900312",
  "published": "2026-10-20",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3ev3dn2q3j709.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:32Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42900312",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42900312"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:3003|Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery",
      "subfield": "pharmacology-toxicology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Current understanding and future scope of nanotechnology enabled epidermal care using cosmetics and cosmeceuticals.",
  "title_text": "Current understanding and future scope of nanotechnology enabled epidermal care using cosmetics and cosmeceuticals.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:19:32Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3ev3dn2q3j709",
  "venue": "Discover nano",
  "versions": []
}