{
  "abstract": "This study reports the isolation, characterization, and genome analysis of Escherichia coli isolated from curd, revealing potential pathogenic and multidrug-resistant characteristics.15 individuals who consumed the suspected contaminated local curd developed symptoms included acute diarrhoea, dehydration, abdominal pain, and fever. Microbiological analysis confirmed the presence of E. coli in the curd, with characteristic greenish-metallic-sheen colonies on Eosin Methylene Blue and formed pink colour lactose fermentation in MaConkey agar. It exhibited positive biochemical reactions, including IMViC, catalase, citrate utilization, and sugar fermentation tests. Gram staining further confirmed the isolate is Gram-negative bacteria. PCR-based detection revealed the presence of diarrhoeagenic E. coli, specifically Shiga toxin-producing E. coli, with successful amplification of the stx2 gene. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing demonstrated resistance to ampicillin, cephalosporins, ciprofloxacin, and tetracycline, with sensitivity to chloramphenicol, gentamicin, and carbapenems. Genome sequencing identified the isolate as E. coli strain WOB, with a genome size of ~ 5.3 Mb and a GC content of 50.5%. Genomic typing classified the E. coli WOB under serotype O17/O77:H18 and phylogroup D, with sequence type ST370991. Phylogenetic analysis using EnteroBase cgMLST V2, HierCC V1 clustering, and the NINJA algorithm revealed a highly diverse population structure among selected 901 E. coli genomes from India, comprising 784 unique cgMLST profiles distributed across multiple well-defined phylogenetic clusters. The genome harboured antimicrobial resistance genes, including blaTEM-1B, tet(B), and sul2, as well as a plasmid (IncFIB). Notably, both stx1 and stx2 genes and 36 virulence factors were identified. Comparative genomics further revealed similarities to pathogenic EHEC strains, including E. coli O157:H7. The findings highlight the public health risk posed by informal food processing, underscoring the need for improved hygiene, surveillance, and genomic monitoring.\n\nSupplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-026-05479-6.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "BRIC- Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, A National Institute of Department of Biotechnology, Government of India,Microbial Resources Division, Takyelpat Institutional Area, Imphal, Manipur 795001 India",
    "Regional Institute for HIV Surveillance and Epidemiology, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Imphal, Manipur 795004 India",
    "Department of Community Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Imphal, Manipur 795004 India",
    "Indian Council of Medical Research, V. Ramalingaswami Bhawan, P.O. Box No. 4911, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029 India",
    "Centre for Development of Advanced Computing, Plot - E-2/1, Block-GP, Sector-V, Salt Lake Electronics Complex Bidhannagar, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 091 India",
    "ICMR - National Institute for Research in Bacterial Infections Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare,Government of India, Beleghata, Kolkata, West Bengal 700010 India"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 16,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Surmani Huidrom",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8493-6567"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ng Ngashangva",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0142-4556"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Navidita Kangabam"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Randhir Babu Yendrembam"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Vijaya Elangbam"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Shakti Laishram"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Madhuchhanda Das"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Samaresh Das"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Thandavarayan Ramamurthy"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Adhikarimayum Sonica Devi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yelam Jenita Chanu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Bijeta Oinam"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Asish Kumar Mukhopadhyay"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Goutam Chowdhury"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Nanaocha Sharma"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Indira Sarangthem Devi"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3fdzkn1cte233.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1186/s12866-026-05479-6",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13733079/",
  "id": "3fdzkn1cte233",
  "issns": [
    "1471-2180"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-026-05479-6",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Research"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2404|Escherichia coli research studies"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7172251044",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": "PMC13733079",
  "pmid": "42983318",
  "published": "2026-08-03",
  "publisher": "BMC",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3fdzkn1cte233.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-08T12:22:56Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13733079",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-026-05479-6"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "openalex:2404|Escherichia coli research studies",
      "subfield": "microbiology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Genomic and molecular insights into AMR, virulence, and toxin of Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli isolated from local curd foodborne outbreak in Manipur",
  "title_text": "Genomic and molecular insights into AMR, virulence, and toxin of Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli isolated from local curd foodborne outbreak in Manipur",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-08T12:22:56Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3fdzkn1cte233",
  "venue": "BMC Microbiology",
  "versions": []
}