{
  "abstract": "Galaxy groups are the dominant halo environment in the Universe and a sensitive laboratory for feedback and gas-cycling physics, yet a uniform, intermediate-redshift X-ray characterization of the group population has been limited by the availability of deep, wide-area imaging. We present a uniform X-ray characterization of the COSMOS-Web galaxy group population: 1,678 groups (CW-All) identified with the AMICO algorithm applied to the JWST-selected COSMOS-Web photometric catalog ($0.08 \\lesssim z \\lesssim 3.7$), and a parallel sample of 993 Hickson compact groups (CW-HCG; $0.08 \\lesssim z \\lesssim 3.82$) over $0.45~\\mathrm{deg}^2$. We apply a uniform aperture-photometry X-ray pipeline to the combined Chandra and XMM-Newton COSMOS mosaic, measuring fluxes, luminosities, temperatures, and halo masses and radii for every group, together with detections, upper limits, and quality flags. We detect X-ray emission from 499 CW-All groups (29.7\\%) and 332 CW-HCG groups (33.4\\%) at SNR~$\\geq 2.0$, and present the X-ray luminosity function in four redshift bins. The characteristic luminosity $L^\\star$ rises monotonically by $\\sim$1.9--2.1~dex from the lowest to highest redshift bin in both catalogs, a trend that persists under two independent cross-check binning schemes and is not explained by mass or richness selection of the detected population. A targeted search for diffuse X-ray emission from the AmicOne protocluster candidate at $2.50 \\lesssim z < 3.09$ finds no statistically significant signal at the current depth. We publicly release the X-ray measurements and derived properties for both catalogs.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2610.02470",
  "author_total": 38,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Ghassem Gozaliasl"
    },
    {
      "name": "Günther Hasinger"
    },
    {
      "name": "Gavin Leroy"
    },
    {
      "name": "Alexis Finoguenov"
    },
    {
      "name": "Fatemeh Abedini"
    },
    {
      "name": "Hollis B. Akins"
    },
    {
      "name": "Rafael C. Arango-Toro"
    },
    {
      "name": "Arif Babul"
    },
    {
      "name": "Caitlin M. Casey"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nicole E. Drakos"
    },
    {
      "name": "Andreas L. Faisst"
    },
    {
      "name": "Carter Flayhart"
    },
    {
      "name": "Maximilien Franco"
    },
    {
      "name": "Zohreh Ghaffari"
    },
    {
      "name": "Santosh Harish"
    },
    {
      "name": "Hossein Hatamnia"
    },
    {
      "name": "Olivier Ilbert"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jeyhan S. Kartaltepe"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ali Ahmad Khostovan"
    },
    {
      "name": "Maarit Korpi-Lagg"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ronaldo Laishram"
    },
    {
      "name": "Daizhong Liu"
    },
    {
      "name": "Matteo Maturi"
    },
    {
      "name": "Henry Joy McCracken"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jed McKinney"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nicolas McMahon"
    },
    {
      "name": "Lauro Moscardini"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mahdiyar Mousavi-Sadr"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jason Rhodes"
    },
    {
      "name": "Brant E. Robertson"
    },
    {
      "name": "Louise Paquereau"
    },
    {
      "name": "Rasha M. Samir"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mark Sargent"
    },
    {
      "name": "Diana Scognamiglio"
    },
    {
      "name": "Marko Shuntov"
    },
    {
      "name": "Greta Toni"
    },
    {
      "name": "Francesco Ubertosi"
    },
    {
      "name": "Eleni Vardoulaki"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3ffjkwh7c3507.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2610.02470",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "3ffjkwh7c3507",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.02470",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "LicenseRef-arXiv-nonexclusive-1.0",
  "licence_label": "arXiv licence",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.GA"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "3103|Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7220440480",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.02470",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-01",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3ffjkwh7c3507.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:26:45Z",
      "native_id": "2610.02470",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.02470"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.GA",
      "subfield": "galaxies"
    }
  ],
  "title": "X-ray Characterization of Galaxy Groups and Hickson Groups in COSMOS-Web to z~3.8 I. X-ray Luminosity Function Evolution",
  "title_text": "X-ray Characterization of Galaxy Groups and Hickson Groups in COSMOS-Web to z~3.8 I. X-ray Luminosity Function Evolution",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:26:45Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3ffjkwh7c3507",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}