{
  "abstract": "Accretion governs the growth of young stars and the early evolution of their circumstellar disks, yet population-level measurements of accretion are often hampered by heterogeneous diagnostics and by samples preferentially selected toward disk-bearing or accreting objects. This can impact the mass accretion rate-stellar mass ($\\dot{M}$-$M_\\star$) relation, particularly at substellar masses. We present a uniform analysis of accretion in the $\\sim$2 Myr-old star-forming cluster IC 348 based on deep Hubble Space Telescope F656N imaging. Using H$α$ excess as a single, homogeneous accretion tracer, we derive accretion rates and robust upper limits for 200 cluster members spanning the stellar to substellar mass regime ($3\\ M_\\odot$ to $4\\ M_{\\rm Jup}$). Accretion is detected in $37\\pm3\\%$ of the sample, with fractions of $34\\pm4\\%$ among stellar members and $46\\pm6\\%$ among substellar objects. For accretors alone, the inferred $\\dot{M}$-$M_\\star$ relation is consistent with those measured in similarly aged regions such as Lupus. In contrast, including weak accretors and non-detections increases the scatter and flattens the slope while lowering the intercept, demonstrating the strong influence of the low-accretion tail on population-level accretion relations. For free-floating planetary-mass objects in IC 348, extrapolating the accretors-only fit overpredicts $\\dot{M}$ by approximately an order of magnitude compared to the fit that includes upper limits, which instead implies mass accretion rates of $<10^{-12}$ $M_{\\odot}\\ \\mathrm{yr}^{-1}$. These results show that sample selection, specifically whether the sample is restricted to disk-bearing or accreting targets, or instead is drawn from a complete membership census, is a dominant factor shaping population-level accretion relations across a wide dynamic range in stellar mass.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": "Journal reference: The Astronomical Journal, 172, 286 (2026)",
  "arxiv": "2609.05620",
  "author_total": 8,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Lillian Yushu Jiang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Brendan P. Bowler"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yifan Zhou"
    },
    {
      "name": "Adam L. Kraus"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sean M. Andrews"
    },
    {
      "name": "Lynne A. Hillenbrand"
    },
    {
      "name": "Michael J. Ireland"
    },
    {
      "name": "Zhaohuan Zhu"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3gssyc9hjtzyz.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2609.05620",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "3gssyc9hjtzyz",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.05620",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "LicenseRef-arXiv-nonexclusive-1.0",
  "licence_label": "arXiv licence",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.EP"
    ],
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.GA"
    ],
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.SR"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "3103|Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7212069324",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.05620",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-04",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3gssyc9hjtzyz.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:48Z",
      "native_id": "2609.05620",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.05620"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.GA",
      "subfield": "galaxies"
    },
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.EP",
      "subfield": "planetary"
    },
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.SR",
      "subfield": "stellar"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Deep H$α$ Imaging Survey of IC 348 with the Hubble Space Telescope: I. Accretion Properties of Stellar and Substellar Objects",
  "title_text": "Deep Hα Imaging Survey of IC 348 with the Hubble Space Telescope: I. Accretion Properties of Stellar and Substellar Objects",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-05T15:20:17Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3gssyc9hjtzyz",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": [
    {
      "doi": "10.3847/1538-3881/aea84d",
      "pid": "73ntrre68xhv0",
      "relation": "published-as",
      "title": "Deep H α Imaging Survey of IC 348 with the Hubble Space Telescope. I. Accretion Properties of Stellar and Substellar Objects",
      "venue": "The Astronomical Journal"
    }
  ]
}