{
  "abstract": "Plant TIR domain-containing proteins exhibit NADase activity upon pathogen effector recognition, creating small molecules that activate defense via EDS1 and its associated proteins. Arabidopsis RPS4 and RRS1 comprise a TIR-NLR immune receptor pair that recognizes multiple effector proteins including AvrRps4 and PopP2. We show here that RPS4 and RRS1 acquire NADase activity upon recognition of a cognate effector. However, both in the presence and absence of effector, RPS4 and RRS1 form an oligomer that does not change in size upon effector provision. Effector-dependent defense activation by RPS4 and RRS1 requires the catalytic glutamate residue and the BB-loop motif of RPS4, which is absent in RRS1 and other RRS1-like TIR domains in Arabidopsis. Oligomerization of RPS4 and RRS1 occurs through multiple domains, but oligomerization does not require enzymatic activity. We propose that conformational changes or reconfiguration within the RPS4/RRS1 oligomer upon effector recognition derepresses the complex for immune activation.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "School of Biological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, University of Edinburgh",
    "The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park",
    "Department of Biological Science, Kunsan National University",
    "Department of Plant Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University",
    "Department of Biochemistry and Metabolism, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park",
    "Center for Target-to-Therapeutics Research, Korea Basic Science Institute",
    "Convergent Analytical Science, University of Science and Technology",
    "Department of Computer Science, Hanyang University"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 18,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Heekyung Ahn",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8884-0156"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Guanghao Guo",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-1847-0006"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Jan Sklenář",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1858-2574"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Shania Pin Yin Keh",
      "orcid": "0009-0007-0964-8611"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Sung Un Huh",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-2288-9579"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Michelle T. Hulin",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4240-5746"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Hayden Burdett",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4803-9660"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Maria Sindalovskaya",
      "orcid": "0009-0002-0198-7145"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5,
        6
      ],
      "name": "Seungjin Na",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5159-2048"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Jihyeon Choi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Nitika Mukhi",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-5717-7948"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "He Zhao",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4222-4371"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Lena S. Knorr",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-9664-5708"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Eunok Paek",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-3655-9749"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Mark James Banfield",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8921-3835"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Frank L.H. Menke",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-2490-4824"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Wenbo Ma",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-5569-639X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Jonathan D. G. Jones",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4953-261X"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3h5d3g6agcs6t.bib",
  "cited_by": 5,
  "doi": "10.1073/pnas.2611802123",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13732033/",
  "id": "3h5d3g6agcs6t",
  "issns": [
    "0027-8424",
    "1091-6490"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2611802123",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "428"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Biological Sciences"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Plant Biology"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "1110|Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W4409416836",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": "PMC13732033",
  "pmid": "42945252",
  "published": "2026-10-27",
  "publisher": "National Academy of Sciences",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3h5d3g6agcs6t.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-04T13:21:09Z",
      "native_id": "W4409416836",
      "source": "openalex",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2611802123"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-08T12:22:05Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13732033",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2611802123"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "heading:Plant Biology",
      "subfield": "plant-biology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Recognition-dependent activation of the Arabidopsis RRS1-R/RPS4 TIR-NLR immune receptor pair",
  "title_text": "Recognition-dependent activation of the Arabidopsis RRS1-R/RPS4 TIR-NLR immune receptor pair",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-08T12:22:05Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3h5d3g6agcs6t",
  "venue": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences",
  "versions": []
}