{
  "abstract": "This study investigates the percolation limit of solvent-casted p(VDF-TrFE) film through its processing (thermal treatment) and the addition of 2D Ti3C2Tx MXene, by evaluating their distribution using SEM-EDX and determining the electroactive crystalline phases using FTIR and XRD spectroscopies, while evaluating the film’s dielectric permittivity and piezoelectric response after a mechanical deformation cycle (elongation). The robust interactions of the -CH2/-CF2 groups of copolymer (55/45 mol%) with the terminal groups (-OH/F) of MXene influence their distributions and alignment along the MXene nanosheets, and, consequently, the higher and anisotropically distributed β-phase crystallinity near its percolation limit (0.0015 w/w% of loading). This exhibited a piezoelectric behaviour of d33 ~19 pC/N after e-polishing and ~24 pC/N after 50% of elongation performed at an ambient temperature. Such an interconnected and uniform film achieves a dielectric permittivity of ~22, exhibits intrinsic flexibility (fracture resistance), and facilitates effective load transfer during elastic deformation while maintaining the piezoelectric response, which could not be achieved for a pure p(VDF-TrFE) film.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia",
    "Department of Chemistry, Polytechnic University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy",
    "Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Vanja Kokol",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8521-0941"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Branko Nečemer",
      "orcid": "0009-0008-8554-458X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Eugenio Gibertini",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2610-5500"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Vid Bobnar",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-9981-9232"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3pzp7fbt0g4g6.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/polym18202488",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13708805/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "3pzp7fbt0g4g6",
  "issns": [
    "2073-4360"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/18/20/2488",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2204|Dielectric materials and actuators"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221575322",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13708805/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13708805",
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-01",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3pzp7fbt0g4g6.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:44Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/polym18202488",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/18/20/2488"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:21:34Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13708805",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13708805"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "issn:2073-4360",
      "subfield": "materials-polymers"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Ti3C2Tx MXene-Supported Anisotropic Crystallisation of Solvent-Casted p(VDF-TrFE) Films for Improved Elastic Deformation and Piezoelectric Response",
  "title_text": "Ti3C2Tx MXene-Supported Anisotropic Crystallisation of Solvent-Casted p(VDF-TrFE) Films for Improved Elastic Deformation and Piezoelectric Response",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:21:34Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3pzp7fbt0g4g6",
  "venue": "Polymers",
  "versions": []
}