{
  "abstract": "Although the brain was traditionally considered immune-privileged, recent studies show immune factors play key roles in brain function. Dysfunction of these factors is linked to neurodevelopmental disorders, but mechanisms remain unclear. Using a maternal immune activation (MIA) mouse model, we investigated immune-related genes in neurodevelopmental disorder pathogenesis. MIA mice showed increased locomotor activity and disrupted prepulse inhibition. RNA-seq and qPCR analyses revealed persistent increases in major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) expression and persistent decreases in GABAergic synapse-related gene expression, particularly glutamate decarboxylase (Gad) expression, in dopaminergic regions. These expressions were negatively correlated, and immunohistochemistry showed MHCII at postsynaptic GABAergic synapses on dopaminergic neurons. Patch-clamp recordings confirmed reduced mIPSC frequency in MIA mice. MHCII knockout mice showed opposite phenotypes, while MHCII overexpression in dopaminergic neurons decreased Gad expression. These results suggest MIA-induced MHCII upregulation enhances pruning of GABAergic synapses on dopaminergic neurons, leading to behavioral deficits.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Saitama Medical University"
  ],
  "article_type": "New results",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 9,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "G. Murakami"
    },
    {
      "name": "M. Hirasaki"
    },
    {
      "name": "M. Hashizume"
    },
    {
      "name": "A. Hirao"
    },
    {
      "name": "R. Ito"
    },
    {
      "name": "Y. Hojo"
    },
    {
      "name": "T. Nakano"
    },
    {
      "name": "N. Uozumi"
    },
    {
      "name": "T. Murakoshi"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3q5jkzw24s02t.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.64898/2026.08.26.747425",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.26.747425v1.full",
  "id": "3q5jkzw24s02t",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.26.747425v1",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "biorxiv",
      "neuroscience"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2808|Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7204863677",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.26.747425v1.full.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-08-26",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3q5jkzw24s02t.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:13Z",
      "native_id": "10.64898/2026.08.26.747425",
      "source": "biorxiv",
      "url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.26.747425v1"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "biorxiv:neuroscience",
      "subfield": "neuroscience"
    }
  ],
  "title": "MHC class II in dopaminergic neurons prunes GABAergic synapses in neurodevelopmental disorders",
  "title_text": "MHC class II in dopaminergic neurons prunes GABAergic synapses in neurodevelopmental disorders",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:13Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3q5jkzw24s02t",
  "venue": "bioRxiv",
  "versions": []
}