{
  "abstract": "The Gram-negative outer membrane restricts the accumulation of many antibacterial agents. Expanding the repertoire of Trojan horse carriers could provide delivery strategies that complement established siderophore-based systems. Here, we report that noursin, a tricyclic lanthipeptide containing labionin and histidinobutyrine crosslinks, functions as a carrier for Gram-negative bacterial delivery. Noursin showed cell-associated accumulation in diverse Gram-negative bacteria. Accumulation was retained in mutants lacking TonB or selected siderophore receptors, while deletion and complementation experiments identified SbmA and YbgH as positive contributors to NBD-noursin accumulation. Conjugation to noursin promoted bacterial accumulation of two chemically distinct photosensitizers and enabled light-dependent killing. Photosensitizer-noursin retained accumulation and photodynamic activity in TonB-deficient Escherichia coli and enhanced cefiderocol activity under co-treatment conditions. These results establish noursin as a functional lanthipeptide-derived Trojan horse carrier and highlight structurally complex RiPPs as underexplored delivery scaffolds for combating Gram-negative bacterial pathogens.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "School of Chemistry, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China wanghuan@nju.edu.cn.",
    "State Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 China tong.si@siat.ac.cn.",
    "Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center of Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 12,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Boning Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yundan Zheng"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Erpeng Guo"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yewen Juan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yida Han",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0980-8001"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yuqing Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yeying Ma"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Wenya Zhou"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xu Zhen",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1652-5496"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ran Xie",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-5170-2940"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Tong Si",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-2985-9014"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Huan Wang",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1585-6760"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3r3yvacbqxf4m.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1039/d6sc05931g",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13688881",
  "id": "3r3yvacbqxf4m",
  "issns": [
    "2041-6520",
    "2041-6539"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42924109",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2404|Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7222994009",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13688881?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13688881",
  "pmid": "42924109",
  "published": "2026-10-20",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3r3yvacbqxf4m.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:33Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42924109",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42924109"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "openalex:2404|Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities",
      "subfield": "microbiology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "A siderophore-independent lanthipeptide carrier enables Trojan-horse delivery of antibacterial cargoes into Gram-negative bacteria.",
  "title_text": "A siderophore-independent lanthipeptide carrier enables Trojan-horse delivery of antibacterial cargoes into Gram-negative bacteria.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:20:33Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3r3yvacbqxf4m",
  "venue": "Chemical science",
  "versions": []
}