{
  "abstract": "The paper has re-modeled a nonlinear differential equation to investigate the relationship among human population growth, carbon dioxide accumulation, forest biomass depletion, and ozone-depleting gases. The stability around the equilibrium point of the system is analyzed both locally and globally. The study shows the nature of the stability state characterized by the high pollution rates and loss of the forest resources. In response, control measures are designed to limit emissions and conserve forests, which are formulated and examined in the context of optimal control theory. The Pontryagin maximum principle is used to derive the necessary conditions for optimality, and sensitivity analysis is used to investigate the effect of important parameters. Numerical simulations are performed to verify the outcomes. The study proves that proper intervention strategies are necessary to create a balance between the environment and human well-being.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Applied Sciences, Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Engineering, New Delhi 110063, India",
    "Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110021, India",
    "Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy",
    "Department of Information Technology, Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Engineering, New Delhi 110063, India",
    "INTI International University, Persiaran Perdana BBN Putra Nilai, Nilai 71800, Malaysia"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Charu Arora"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Sudhakar Yadav"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Saurabh Kr Agrawal"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Nishi Deepa Palo"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Massimo Donelli",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-9477-9243"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Achin Jain",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-3968-4169"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3rt2fpm70v0t6.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/math14193578",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "3rt2fpm70v0t6",
  "issns": [
    "2227-7390"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/14/19/3578",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2739|Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7216581720",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-02",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3rt2fpm70v0t6.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:29Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/math14193578",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/14/19/3578"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2739|Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models",
      "subfield": "epidemiology-public-health"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Mathematical Modeling and Control of Gas Emissions, Ozone Depletion, and Ecological Sustainability",
  "title_text": "Mathematical Modeling and Control of Gas Emissions, Ozone Depletion, and Ecological Sustainability",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:29Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3rt2fpm70v0t6",
  "venue": "Mathematics",
  "versions": []
}