{
  "abstract": "Silicon, which is highly reflective and has negligible absorption at the microwave 2.45 GHz range, can be heated when it is turned into black-Si with a surface texture of nano-needles made by SF6/O2 plasma etching. Microwave heating of flat Si and of black-Si with vertical and with tilted (oriented) nano-needles was compared under identical conditions in a cylindrical TM010 resonator. Samples were placed horizontally on a 150-micrometer-thick cover glass, which standardized their height and position inside the cavity and allowed a common calibration of the radiation thermometer against a K-type thermocouple. Under a stepwise protocol of only 2-3-4 W of microwave power (60 s per step), black-Si with vertical needles reached ~ 260 C, systematically exceeding flat Si (~ 190 C), while black-Si with oriented needles showed a delayed but abrupt onset of heating at 3 W. In situ monitoring of the cavity resonance revealed a 2-3 MHz downshift of the resonance frequency f for all samples, with the drift consistently appearing once the sample temperature exceeded ~ 120 - 150 C, consistent with thermally activated carrier generation in Si. At a given temperature, each sample loads the cavity at a different f and quality factor Q, indicating an orientation-dependent effective permittivity of the nano-needle array, in line with the strong form birefringence of tilted black-Si. Application potential and challenges in the quantitative temperature and permittivity determination are discussed.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2609.13683",
  "author_total": 7,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Massimiliano Zamengo"
    },
    {
      "name": "Haoran Mu"
    },
    {
      "name": "Hsin-Hui Huang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Tomas Katkus"
    },
    {
      "name": "Darius Gailevičius"
    },
    {
      "name": "Saulius Juodkazis"
    },
    {
      "name": "Junko Morikawa"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3v5v1drt1ka22.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2609.13683",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "3v5v1drt1ka22",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.13683",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "cond-mat.mes-hall"
    ],
    [
      "arxiv",
      "cond-mat.mtrl-sci"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2208|Microwave and Dielectric Measurement Techniques"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7213283550",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.13683",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-12",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3v5v1drt1ka22.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:21:25Z",
      "native_id": "2609.13683",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.13683"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:cond-mat.mes-hall",
      "subfield": "condensed-matter"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Heating of black-Si by microwaves at 2.45 GHz: effect of nano-needle orientation",
  "title_text": "Heating of black-Si by microwaves at 2.45 GHz: effect of nano-needle orientation",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:21:25Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3v5v1drt1ka22",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}