{
  "abstract": "Screening of retired lithium ion cells limits second-life deployment, because full characterization resolves retention well yet occupies a test channel for hundreds of hours per cell. This study measures how much screening information each chronologically available block carries once the physical grouping of retired cells is respected, using a primary source with 1034 retired notebook cell records from 152 retired notebook packs, of which 100 cells carry delayed capacity trajectories, and a stored pack yield summary excluded as outcome derived. Holding out whole packs, battery history reaches 0.686 balanced accuracy for source-defined second-life eligibility, physical observations 0.761, and early electrical diagnostics 0.862; the paired bootstrap interval for that last step excludes zero, the balanced error rate falls by 56 percent, and false rejections fall from 17 to 6 of 36 eligible cells. The ordering holds at any matched threshold, where the early block never produces more false rejections than history alone, and in an independent 86 cell NCM(523)/graphite cohort, five explicit diagnostics raise holdout accuracy from 0.660 to 0.743 whereas 108 implicit features reach 0.627. Screening therefore benefits from a staged design: history provides a first pass, early diagnostics refine the decision, and full characterization qualifies.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Shanghai Academy of Global Governance and Area Studies, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai 201620, China",
    "School of Economics and Finance, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai 201620, China"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 2,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Junjie Zhang",
      "orcid": "0009-0004-8821-4018"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Siyu Wang",
      "orcid": "0009-0006-0106-1018"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3weq6p7g9g5zx.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/batteries12110457",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "3weq6p7g9g5zx",
  "issns": [
    "2313-0105"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/12/11/457",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-11-03",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3weq6p7g9g5zx.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-04T00:24:21Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/batteries12110457",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/12/11/457"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "issn:2313-0105",
      "subfield": "electrochemistry-energy"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Battery Passport and Early Diagnostics for Second-Life Lithium-Ion Battery Screening: A Data Leakage-Aware, Pack-Grouped Evaluation",
  "title_text": "Battery Passport and Early Diagnostics for Second-Life Lithium-Ion Battery Screening: A Data Leakage-Aware, Pack-Grouped Evaluation",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-05T00:20:54Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3weq6p7g9g5zx",
  "venue": "Batteries",
  "versions": []
}