{
  "abstract": "Connective tissue grafts (CTGs) are widely used in periodontal and peri-implant plastic surgery, but palatal harvesting is associated with donor-site morbidity. This narrative review summarizes complications, technical pitfalls, and risk-reduction strategies related to subepithelial connective tissue grafts and de-epithelialized gingival graft harvesting. Subepithelial techniques enable primary closure but require adequate residual flap thickness and controlled dissection, whereas de-epithelized grafts provide better control of graft dimensions but leave an open palatal wound. Donor-site morbidity is influenced by patient-related factors, palatal anatomy, graft size, wound configuration, and surgical execution. Pain and bleeding are the most frequently reported early outcomes, while dehiscence, necrosis, infection, sensory disturbances, and symptomatic scarring remain poorly quantified. Risk may be reduced through careful assessment, minimal effective graft dimensions, atraumatic technique, reliable hemostasis, wound protection, and clear postoperative instructions. Standardized CTG-specific outcome measures and risk-assessment tools are needed to improve evidence comparability and clinical decision-making.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Laboratory of Preclinical Periodontology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland",
    "Department of Periodontology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie 3C, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland",
    "Department of Preclinical Conservative Dentistry and Preclinical Endodontics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Agnieszka Droździk",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-1119-3317"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Dominika Cichońska",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7673-4460"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Mariusz Lipski",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2567-3362"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Aida Kusiak",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-2846-1469"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3z1t9kmcekgyz.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/jcm15218739",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "3z1t9kmcekgyz",
  "issns": [
    "2077-0383"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/15/21/8739",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-11-09",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3z1t9kmcekgyz.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-10T00:21:41Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/jcm15218739",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/15/21/8739"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "journal-openalex:F27",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Complication, Technical Pitfalls, and Strategies for Reducing Donor-Site Morbidity Following Connective Tissue Graft Harvesting: A Narrative Review",
  "title_text": "Complication, Technical Pitfalls, and Strategies for Reducing Donor-Site Morbidity Following Connective Tissue Graft Harvesting: A Narrative Review",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-10T00:21:41Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/3z1t9kmcekgyz",
  "venue": "Journal of Clinical Medicine",
  "versions": []
}