{
  "abstract": "Adoptive cellular therapies (ACT), including tumour‐infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL), T‐cell receptor‐engineered T (TCR‐T) cell and chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell (CAR‐T) therapies, represent an evolving class of immunotherapies with established efficacy in selected haematological malignancies and emerging applications in solid tumours. Additional platforms under investigation include virus‐specific T cells, tumour‐associated antigen‐specific T cells, natural killer (NK) cell therapies and dendritic cell‐based therapies. The therapeutic scope of ACT is expanding beyond oncology into autoimmune and fibrotic diseases, infectious diseases and inherited metabolic and immune disorders, highlighting the broad potential of cellular immunotherapy platforms. In solid tumours, efficacy remains limited by tumour antigen heterogeneity, immunosuppressive tumour micro‐environment and impaired immune cell trafficking and persistence. These barriers are driving development of next‐generation cellular products and combination strategies. Characteristic immune‐mediated toxicities, particularly cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell‐associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), remain important considerations. Although potentially severe, these toxicities are generally manageable with early recognition, multidisciplinary care and prompt specialist intervention. As ACT indications expand in Australia, clinician familiarity with indications, mechanisms of action and toxicity profiles is essential to support informed patient discussions, appropriate patient selection, timely referral and prompt toxicity recognition and management. Non‐oncology specialists have an important role in shared care, including patient identification, referral coordination, monitoring for delayed or late toxicities and provision of ongoing survivorship and supportive care. Achieving equitable national access to ACT will require streamlined health technology assessment processes, coordinated reimbursement and delivery funding models and structured referral networks with cross‐institutional collaboration to support the specialised infrastructure required for their delivery.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "The Kinghorn Cancer Centre St Vincent's Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia",
    "Garvan Institute of Medical Research Sydney New South Wales Australia",
    "School of Medicine and Health UNSW Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia",
    "Department of Haematology St Vincent's Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia",
    "St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research Sydney New South Wales Australia",
    "Department of Neurology St Vincent's Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia",
    "Department of Rheumatology St Vincent's Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia",
    "Cancer Institute NSW Sydney New South Wales Australia",
    "School of Medicine and Public Health University of Newcastle Newcastle New South Wales Australia",
    "Melanoma Discovery Laboratory Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research Perth Western Australia Australia",
    "School of Medicine University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia",
    "Medical Oncology Department Royal Perth Hospital Perth Western Australia Australia",
    "Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia",
    "Clinical Haematology Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Royal Melbourne Hospital Melbourne Victoria Australia"
  ],
  "article_type": "review article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 16,
  "authors": [
    {
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      "name": "Sarah Childs"
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      "name": "David Ma"
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      "name": "Anthony Rodrigues"
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      "name": "Rasha Cosman"
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      "name": "Venessa Chin"
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      "name": "Laila Girgis"
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    {
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      ],
      "name": "James Lynam"
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    {
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        10,
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      "name": "Peter Lau",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1071-7956"
    },
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      ],
      "name": "Barbara Withers"
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      ],
      "name": "Anthony M. Joshua"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        12
      ],
      "name": "Ben Tran"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        12
      ],
      "name": "Jayesh Desai"
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    {
      "affs": [
        12,
        13
      ],
      "name": "Simon J. Harrison"
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    {
      "affs": [
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      "name": "John Moore"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
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        2
      ],
      "name": "Jia Liu"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/404k1763wt4sw.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.5694/mja2.70321",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13711092/",
  "id": "404k1763wt4sw",
  "issns": [
    "0025-729X",
    "1326-5377"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.5694/mja2.70321",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Narrative Review"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Neoplasms"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2730|CAR-T cell therapy research"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223945062",
  "pdf_url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.5694/mja2.70321",
  "pmcid": "PMC13711092",
  "pmid": "42935367",
  "published": "2026-10-27",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/404k1763wt4sw.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T12:21:56Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13711092",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.5694/mja2.70321"
    }
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2730|CAR-T cell therapy research",
      "subfield": "oncology"
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  ],
  "title": "An Australian Narrative Review of Adoptive Cellular Therapies in Malignancy: Expanding Indications, Referral Pathways and Safety Beyond Specialist Centres",
  "title_text": "An Australian Narrative Review of Adoptive Cellular Therapies in Malignancy: Expanding Indications, Referral Pathways and Safety Beyond Specialist Centres",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-31T12:21:56Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/404k1763wt4sw",
  "venue": "The Medical Journal of Australia",
  "versions": []
}